(Impact of the New Deal on ethnic minorities) Black Americans

Question 1

Job & relief opportunities - whilst measures _______ white americans, ________ of black americans did ______ from the New Deal.

Answer 1

a) favour
b) millions
c) benefit

Question 2

Job & relief opportunities - how did the Works Progress Administration impact black employment?

Answer 2

1936-40 - found work for 350,000 black americans every year.

Question 3

Job & relief opportunities - how did education programmes help black americans?

Answer 3

5,000 black teachers employed.

Question 4

Job & relief opportunities - what did Mary McLeod Bethune’s National Youth Administration ensure?

Answer 4

500,000 black americans received skills training.

Question 5

Job & relief opportunities - what ensured 500,000 black americans received skills training?

Answer 5

Mary McLeod Bethune’s National Youth Administration

Question 6

Roles if federal govt - who was the first black Congressman?

When was he elected?

Answer 6

Arthur Mitchell

1935

Question 7

Roles if federal govt - who supported black americans receiving roles in federal govt?

Answer 7

Prominent people in FDR’s govt, like Eleanor Roosevelt and Harold Ickes

Question 8

Roles if federal govt - what was the ‘black cabinet’?

Answer 8

A cabinet made up of black Americans to advise on issues of race - but none on FDR’s official cabinet.

Question 9

Roles if federal govt - what was the Executive Order 8802, 1941?

Answer 9

Outlawed discrimination in defence industry and set up the Fair Employment and Practices Committee.

Question 10

Roles if federal govt - what outlawed discrimination in defence industry and set up the Fair Employment and Practices Committee?

Answer 10

Executive Order 8802, 1941

Question 11

Voting behaviour - what happened to voting behaviour?

Answer 11

It changed

Question 12

Voting behaviour - who had black americans traditionally voted for?
Why?

Answer 12

Republican

It was Abraham Lincoln’s anti-slavery party who had won the Civil War (1860s).

Question 13

Voting behaviour - what happened during the New Deal?

Where was this concentrated?

Answer 13

There was a shift in allegiance

Mainly in the North as only 5% of black Americans in the South could vote.

Question 14

Voting behaviour - Give evidence for changes in voting behaviour.

Answer 14

In 1940, FDR won 85% of the vote in black majority areas like Harlem, New York.

Question 15

Limitations - who did Roosevelt rely on?

Why was this an issue?

Answer 15

Southern Democrats

Many were racist and resistant to support black Americans.

Question 16

Limitations - how did the Agricultural Adjustment Administration limit black americans?

Answer 16

Poor black Americans farmers and sharecroppers received no help, especially in South.

Question 17

Limitations - how did the National Recovery Administration NRA limit black americans?

Answer 17

Codes allowed for whites to be paid more for the same job.

Question 18

Limitations - how did the Civilian Conservation Corps limit black americans?

Answer 18

It was run by a Southern racist

Not many black americans joined - those that did faced strict segregation. Only 200,000 joined 1933-42

Question 19

Limitations - FDR didn’t support ___________ bills in 19__ and 19__ - both ______.

Answer 19

a) anti-lynching
b) 1934
c) 1937
d) failed

Question 20

Limitations - FDR did ______ to end legal _________, and black americans on _____ remained ________ class ________.

Answer 20

a) little
b) segregation
c) large
d) second
e) citizens