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Ophthalmology > Impact of sight loss > Flashcards

Impact of sight loss Flashcards

1
Q

Who makes the recommendation for registration of visual impairment?

A

Ophthalmologist

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2
Q

What are 2 types of visual impairment?

A
  1. Blind (severely sight impaired)
  2. Partially sighted (sight impaired)
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3
Q

What is meant by blind/ severely sight impaired?

A

See only top letter of eye chart or less, at 3 metres (3/60-6/60)

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4
Q

What does an eye test result of 3/60 mean?

A

Blind person sees at 3 metres what a person with normal vision would see at 60m

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5
Q

What is meant by partially sighted/ sight impaired?

A

Sees 6/60 - 6/18

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6
Q

What is the form used as a certificate of visual impairment registration, and what has this replaced?

A

Certification of Visual Impairment (CVI), previously BD8

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7
Q

What are the top 4 causes of visual impairment registration in the UK?

A
  1. Age-related macular degeneration (>65 years) - by far biggest cause
  2. Glaucoma
  3. Cataract
  4. Diabetic retinopathy
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8
Q

What proportion of older people are living with sight loss that could have been avoided?

A

over 50%

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9
Q

What is the biggest cause of visual impairment globally?

A

Uncorrected refractive errors

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10
Q

What is the leading cause of blindness in middle- and low-income countries?

A

Cataract

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11
Q

What is the leading cause of infectious blindness globally?

A

Trachoma

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12
Q

What was the financial cost of sight loss in the UK in 2008, and what is likely to happen to this figure?

A

£6.5 billion, likely to increase as the number of people with sight loss increases

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13
Q

What are 2 key things that the cost of sight loss in the UK is made up of?

A
  1. Direct health care costs such as eye clinics, prescriptions and operations
  2. £4.34 billion in indirect costs such as unpaid carer costs and reduced employment rates
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14
Q

What is knowledge of blindness registration practices like among doctors?

A

Found to be low, no indication of increasing knowledge with increasing experience

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15
Q

What proportion of registered blind and partially sighted people were offered formal counselling by eye clinic?

A

Only 8%

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16
Q

In the year after blind registration, what proportion of people who lost their sight say they were offered mobility trainin to help them get around independently?

A

Less than a quarter

17
Q

What proportion of blind and partially sighted people feel ‘moderately’ or ‘completely’ cut off from people and things around them?

A

48%

18
Q

How many times more likely are older people with sight loss to experience depression than people with good vision?

A

3 times more likely

19
Q

What proportion of registered blind and partially sighted people of working age are in employment?

A

only 1/3

20
Q

How common is it that blind people can see only light/ nothing at all?

A

Very few blind people see nothing at all

21
Q

What kind of visual defects are common among the visually impaired?

A

Some have no central vision while others have no side vision

Some see everything as a vague blur, others a pathwork of blanks and defined areas

22
Q

What are 4 key categories of help available for visually impaired individuals?

A
  1. Government benefits
  2. Peope to help: social worker, mobility officer, technical officer, rehabilitation worker
  3. Voluntary organisaations
  4. Low vision aids
23
Q

How does being partially sighted affect government benefits available?

A

Receive less if partially sighted

24
Q

Who are 4 types of workers available to help visually impaired individuals?

A
  1. Social worker
  2. Mobility officer
  3. Technical officer
  4. Rehabilitation worker
25
Q

What are 3 examples of Birmingham-based voluntary organisations to help visually impaired people?

A
  1. RNIB Royal National Institute of Blind People
  2. Guide Dogs for the Blind
  3. Birmingham Focus
26
Q

What are 2 examples of low vision aids for visually impaired people?

A
  1. Magnifiers
  2. CCTV - video magnifier
27
Q

How does visual impairment affect employment?

A

These people can do most jobs that they want to do, but workplace adaptations are important

28
Q

What is the ‘normal’ range of visual acuity?

A

6/6-6/18

29
Q

What is the visual acuity range at which someone is deemed to be blind?

A

1/60-3/60 & NPL (NPL=0/60)

30
Q

What is a visual handicap?

A

A disability caused by the environment or by other people rather than the person’s lack of sight, i.e. it is imposed from outside e.g. blind person trained to do a job but cannot find work because sighted people won’t give that person a chance

31
Q

What is the ophthalmologists’ definition of blindness and what common diseases can/can’t cause this?

A

No perception of light (NPL); AMD and cataract don’t cause this, glaucoma can but there is treatment available

Ophthalmology (20 decks)

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