Impact of long term conditions (2) Flashcards
define person centred care
the provision of care that places the patient at the centre ensuring that the healthcare system is designed to meet the needs and preferences of patients as defined by patients themselves
give the 5 principles of patient centred care
respect, choice and empowerment, patient involvement, access and support, information
give examples of long term conditions
ischaemic heart disease, respiratory disease, osteoarthritis
give examples of how long term conditions can affect lifestyle
constraints on family life, failure to re-establish the functional capacity to work, unremitting chronic pain
long term conditions account for what % of all GP appointments?
50% (64% of all outpatient appts and over 70% of all inpatient bed days)
what is the % of long term conditions in those>60 and those<40
58% over 60
14% under 40
define incidence
the no. new cases of a disease in a population in a specified period of time
define prevalence
the number of people in a population with a specific disease at a single point in time or in a defined period of time
define vulnerability
an individual’s capacity to resist disease, repair damage and restore physiological homeostasis
give 3 examples of the burden of treatment
changing behaviour to adhere to lifestyle modifications, monitoring and managing their symptoms at home, polypharmacy
define biographical disruption
long term condition –> loss of confidence in the body –> loss of confidence in social interaction or self identity
coping with stigma leads to choosing between what?
decision to disclose or to conceal the condition
give examples of negative impacts of a long term condition on the individual/family
denial, self pity, apathy, financial, physical, emotional effects, isolation
define health
a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity
define disability
body and structure impairment, activity limitation and participation restrictions
give 4 medical models of disability
individual cause eg accident whilst drunk, underlying pathology eg obesity, individual level intervention eg health professionals advice, individual change eg change in behaviour
give 4 social models of disability
societal cause eg low wages, conditions relating to housing, social action needed eg facilities for disabled, societal attitude change eg use of politically correct language
what does personal reaction to disability depend on?
nature of disability, coping strategies of individual, support network of the individual, time to adapt, mood and emotional reaction of the individual
give 5 causes of disability around the world
congenital, injury, mental illness, malnutrition, alcohol/drugs
how many of those with a disability in the UK are in employment?
1/3
give 4 of Wilson’s criteria for screening
condition should be important, must be a recognisable latent or early symptomatic stage, natural course of disease should be understood,
test acceptable to population
What is the role of the GP in disability
-Listening
-Needs to take on board age and culture
-Needs to have the correct attitude
-Needs to be empathetic
-DO NOT SPECTATE:
assess, put together an MDT team, intervene with rehab
What are some of the complexities involved in treating disability
- Must not be judgemental
- Must be able to indentify benefit cheats
- It is a social and medical treatment
- Rarely exposed in training
- Treat the patient and not just the body
Sick role in disability
Patients rights: -Do not have to conform to society -Illness is not their fault Patients obbligations -Try to get better -Seek medical council Healthcare professional role -Objective -Needs to act in benefit of patient not own good -Maintain knowledge and skill -Obey code of professional conduct -Has a right to examine the patient intimately
