Impact of Law on Society Flashcards

1
Q

Gap studies

A

what the law says in the book versus how it is enforced

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2
Q

Impact of law on society

A

Law reflects societal attitudes and practices (folkways, mores)

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3
Q

Direct influence (of law changing social attitudes and practices)

A

Immediately changing the law

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4
Q

Indirect influence (of law changing social attitudes and practices)

A

through institutions, like education and requiring young people to attend school

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5
Q

Factors of acceptance

A

Source of law
(accept law if it comes from a place of authority) (authoritative source people respect)

Existing values
(not viewed as radical change, goes with your values)

Reference group

Implementation
(the faster its implemented it will more likely stick)

Enforcement
(whoever is enforcing the law cant be corrupt or discriminatory, any biased enforcement will undermine the law)

Punishment and rewards
(compliance if there is punishment for those who don’t comply)
(obeying the law to avoid sanctions)

Protection
(when attacked to a funded agency or org that can monitor compliance)

External support
(well-organized and vocal social movement, more likely to get support)

Responsibility
(the specific agency with implementing the law) (more organized and structured, the better)

Information
(Communicated and understood by the people)

Individual resources
(the easier it is to comply, the more likely we are to do it)

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6
Q

Wald (1967) interrogations in New Haven: The Impact of Miranda

A

Interrogations play a secondary role in solving crime
The Miranda rules seem to only slightly affect interrogations

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7
Q

Muir (1967) Prayer in Public Schools: Law and Attitude Change

A

General attitudinal compliance by officials and teachers, though changes were facilitated or impeded by various other groups to which they belonged

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8
Q

Levine and Small (2008) “Marijuana Arrest Crusade”

A

Why has the NYPD been making this enormous number of marijuana possession arrests, and why are they so racially biased?

  • Marijuana arrests relatively safe, easy, and allow police officers to show productivity
  • Allow police officers to make much desired overtime pay
  • Narcotics officers benefit from high marijuana arrests
  • Police supervisors and chief benefit
  • Officers who chiefly make marijuana arrests can easily be shifted elsewhere
  • Easy way to target and acquire info on young people, particularly people of color
  • Black and Latino youth disproportionately arrested because it’s easy and convenient to do so; no pressure on police to stop
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9
Q

Judicial path (1/2 roles of courts in social change)

A

decision obeyed based on prestige and authority of and respect for legal institutions
(exclusively in court system, may take a long time)

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10
Q

Extra-judicial path (2/2 roles of courts in social change)

A

decision highlights important issue, influences public opinion and elections, and results in legislative changes
(support from multiple groups more likely for acceptance)

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11
Q

limited ability of courts to achieve fundamental social change

A

Legislators in better positions than judges to achieve fundamental social change

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12
Q

Social Integration

A

Brown v. Board of Education
reversed Plessy v. Ferguson
Civil Rights Act of 1964

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13
Q

Abortion

A

“quickening doctrine”
Roe v. Wade
right to privacy
Planned Parenthood v. Casey
SCOTUS overturned Roe v. Wade

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14
Q

Same-sex marriages

A

States - court decisions

Federal - Obergefell v. Hodges
struck down state laws prohibiting same-sex marriage

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15
Q

civil disobedience

A

Intentional violation of law to draw attention to cause, energize supporters, and influence public opinion

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16
Q

Direct civil disobedience

A

violation of laws by individuals seeking social change

17
Q

Indirect civil disobedience

A

violations of unrelated laws