Impact of Gorbachev's Reforms

Question 1

CADRE CHANGE AND ANTI-CORRUPTION:

1. To Andropov and Gorbachev, an ________ govt was more important than a ____________ govt.
   - In practice, this meant replacing local people with _______ in govts of the Republics.
2. How many non-Russians did G’s Politburo have?
3. Give an example of opposition to these changes?

Answer 1

1. Effective, representative.
   - Russians.
2. One.
3. Riots in Kazakhstan in 1986 after a Russian replaced the Kazakh leader.

Question 2

ACCELERATION:

1. G’s reforms led to economic ______.
   - Therefore, living standards either _______ or _______.
2. What did Gorbachev not challenge?
   - What was the effect of this on nationalism?

Answer 2

1. Decline.
   - Declined, stagnated.
2. The privilege of CP officials.
   - Furthered its cause.

Question 3

GLASNOST:

1. What did Glasnost expose about Western standards of living?
2. Therefore it undermined what perception?
3. It allowed nationalist groups to publish material demanding what?

Answer 3

1. How much higher they were than Soviet standards.
2. That the USSR had benefitted people in the Republics.
3. Greater autonomy.

Question 4

SINATRA DOCTRINE:

1. What did Gorbachev reject in 1989?
   - What did this end?
2. As a result, what happened across Europe in 1989?
   - Give an example of this.

Answer 4

1. Brezhnev Doctrine.
   - USSR’s ‘right’ to intervene in affairs of other Socialist countries.
2. Communism fell.
   - Fall of the Berlin Wall.