IMP AMENDMENTS OF THE Indian Constitution

Question 1

• 9th schedule added

• Reasonable restrictions on freedom of speech

• Inserted article 31A

Answer 1

1st Amendment 1951

Question 2

How many amendments have been made to the Indian Constitution so far?

Answer 2

As of January 24, 2025, the Constitution of India has been amended 106 times since its enactment in 1950.

The most recent amendment, the 106th, was enacted on September 28, 2023. This amendment introduced reservations for women by mandating that one-third of the seats in the Lok Sabha, state legislative assemblies, and the Delhi Legislative Assembly be reserved for women for a period of 15 years.

Question 3

17th Amendment act - 1964
Gorakhnath Case

Answer 3

The 17th Amendment of the Indian Constitution, enacted in 1964, is commonly associated with land reforms. It amended Article 31A and expanded the Ninth Schedule to include additional land reform laws

Question 4

24th Amendment act 1971

Answer 4

Parliament got right to amend any part of the constitution including FR

To counter Supreme court ruling in the golaknath case-1967

Question 5

25th amendment 1971

Answer 5

To take DPSP into effect Indira Gandhi violeted FR

Supreme court struck down a part of the amendment in keshavanand Bharati case 1973

And culminated into the basic structure of Doctrine

Question 6

26th amendment 1971

Answer 6

Abolition of privy purse

Question 7

31st amendment 1973

Answer 7

Increase size of Parliament from 525 to 545 seats

Question 8

35th and 36th amendment 1975

Answer 8

Sikkim incorporated into India and became a state

Question 9

39th amendment 1975

Answer 9

Placed restrictions on judicial scrutiny of post of prime minister

Question 10

42nd Amendment 1976

Mini Constitution

Answer 10

Passed during Emergency

Inserted 51A -: Fundamental Duties

Socialist,Secular, and Integrity (SSI) INCORPORATED

Question 11

44th Amendment 1978

Answer 11

Most of the changes of 42nd Amendment act were reverted by Janta Party through the 44th Amendment act

Question 12

52nd Amendment 1985

Answer 12

Anti - Defecation Law

Question 13

56th Amendment 1987

Answer 13

Formation of Goa state

Question 14

61st Amendment 1989

Answer 14

Reduce voting age to 18 years

Question 15

69th से

Answer 15

Delhi legislature जिंदा हुआ

Question 16

73rd amendment 1992

Answer 16

Panchayati Raj system inserted

Question 17

74th amendment 1992

Answer 17

Municipalities

Question 18

86th Amendment 2002

Answer 18

Right to education 6-14 yrs children

Article 21-A

Question 19

91st Amendment 2004

Answer 19

Restrict the size of Council of Ministers to 15% of the legislative members

Question 20

93rd amendment 2006

Answer 20

27% reservation for OBC in government and education institutions

Question 21

99th Amendment 2015

Answer 21

National Judicial Appointment Commission (NJAC) for judges’ appointments

Violation of the basic structure by Supreme court

Question 22

101st Amendment 2017

Answer 22

GST - Goods and Services tax

Question 23

103rd Amendment 2019

Answer 23

10% reservation for EWS

Question 24

104th amendment 2020

Answer 24

Abolished nomination of 2 Lok Sabha seats to Anglo-Indian

Extended reservation for 10 years

Question 25

105th Amendment 2021

Answer 25

Restore the power of the state government and union territories to identify and specify Socially and Economically Backward Classes
(SEBCs)

1. By using this power states like Bihar conducted the caste census to know number of different castes
2. Rohini committee is related to this matter

Question 26

A filibuster is a tactic employed in the United States Senate to prevent or delay voting on any bill/proposal.

Most common form of filibuster is unnecessary lengthy debates by the Senators.

Though originated in Senate in USA, used in all democracies.

.

Answer 26

Filibuster

Question 27

Gerrymandering is a practice intended to gain an unfair electoral advantage for a particular party by manipulating the geographical boundaries of electoral constituencies.

While demarcating (called delimitation) constituencies, some areas may be included/excluded intentionally to suit caste/religion arithmetic of the constituency.

.

Answer 27

Gerrymandering

Question 28

Guillotine__ गिलोटीन__ refers to the exercise of passage of bills/proposals en- masse (in a block) due to time limit.

1. It is a French word faster way of execution.
2. Generally used by the Speaker of the House, to pass Demands for Grants, as part of Budget, at the last allotted day, in block, without any discussion.

Answer 28

Guillotine

Question 29

It is the time gap between the end of Question Hour (which is of 1 hour from 11 am to 12) and the beginning of the regular business of the House. MPs can ask any question of public importance during the zero hour at short notice. 1. It is entirely Indian Parliamentary Innovation. 2. It may last for about one hour, from 12 to 1 PM, before the House breaks for lunch.

Answer 29

Zero Hour

Question 30

Official directions issued to members of Legislature to vote on party line Members voting against party line may lose their membership

Answer 30

Whip

Question 31

To remain in power the Cabinet/Government must obtain the confidence of the Lok Sabha May be moved by opposition.

If passed, the Government loses confidence of the house and has to resign

Answer 31

No Confidence Motion

Question 32

It is the proposal in the Lok Sabha to cut (reduce) the Demands for grants by Government ministries during the Budget session.

If the motion is adopted(passed), it amounts to a no-confidence vote, and Government will fall.

Answer 32

Cut Motion

Question 33

Adjournment Motion

Answer 33

Normal business of the House is suspended to discuss urgent matter of public interest