imp Flashcards
epigastric region is in the lower. chest area, midline, deep to ribs. what structures are there
pancreas gallbladder liver stomach SB LB
Firm and hard livers
cirrhotic
hemachromatosis
amyloidosis
lymphoma
3 hepatocellular carcinoma livers
irregular edges
cirrhosis livers
shrunken w nodules
Absent bowel sounds
long lasting intestinal obstruction
; intestinal perforation;
mesenteric ischemia
Irritable bowel syndrom
iagnosis of exclusion that typically presents with chronic
abdominal pain and changes in bowel habits so you have to rule out all other possible causes of her symptoms first before making this diagnosi
IBD is subdivided into
chrohns
UC
present more with diarhhea
hyperprolactinemia
workup
brain mri
You are speaking with a concerned mother during a doctor’s appointment. She is worried that her child might have scoliosis since she has it as well. What is the most common age and cause of scoliosis?
a. Juvenile , idiopathic O b. Juvenile, congenital c. Adolescent , neuromuscular d. Adolescent, congenital e. Adolescent, idiopathic
e. Adolescent, idiopathic → Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS)
hat same concerned mother also asked if her child should be screened for scoliosis? Your response is…
b. Yes, since her child presents with back pain
red flags for back pain
TUNA FISH
trauma
unexplained weight loss
neuro
age >50
fever
IDVU
Steriods
Hx of cancer
Beer’s criteria
a. Medications that you should always avoid
b. Medications that you should avoid in certain conditions
c. Medications that you can use but with caution
Presbycusis
age related sensorineural hearing loss = most common cause of hearing loss in older patients. Progressive symmetric loss of high frequency hearing.
Overflow incontinence:
Urine leakage due to incomplete bladde emptying
Which of the following recommendations should be made with regards to osteoporosis?
a. You should have DEXA on all patients age 65+
b. DEXA on all women age 65+
c. DEXA on all men 65+
d. DEXA on all patients age 50+
e. DEXA on all women 50+
f. DEXA on all men 50+
b. DEXA on all women age 65+
7). USPSTF states to start pap smears at _____ years
old!!!
21
f Cullen’s Sign
ecchymosis around the umbilicus secondary to hemorrhage. This can be indicative of pancreatic necrosis with internal bleeding.
Courvoiser’s sign
enlarged contender GB that can indicated pancreatic dz/ancer
mcbruneys point
1/3 from asis to umbilicius
2/3 from umbilicus to asis
w most herniated discs occur _____ because that is where the annulus is thinner
posteriorly
And that all number nerves exit _____ the vertebral disc of that level and since the medial malleolus is responsible for sensation of the medial malleolus, this makes below L4 the right answer.
below
he patient is a marathon runner so it is very likely they would have a
strained muscle
+ straight leg raise test past 70 degrees 0
15->
30-60
muscle strain
ITB: 15
Radiculipathy/sciatica: 30-60
thomas test
+ test
result. from hypertonic iliopsoas, which is a HIP FLEXOR. and would limit your ability. fully extend
Cauda Equina Syndrome
w/u
get MRI ASAP
heart sounds
L 2nd ICS: pulmonary
R 2nd ICS: aorta
L4th ICS: tricupsid
L5th ICS: mitral
this is loud and the highest grade without a palpable thrill
3/6
hyperresonant
Very loud intensity, lower pitch, longer duratio
COPD
Vesicular
soft, low pitch
over most of lung
Bronchovesicular
Intermediate intensity/pitch
1st/2nd intercostal spaces anteriorly, b/w scapulae
Bronchial
manubrium
loud, high pitch
ex>in
Tracheal
Neck
very loud, high pitch
ex=in
stridor
a. Inspiratory wheeze, indicates partial obstruction of
larynx/trachea. Pt probably accidentally swallowed a toy.
rhonchi
loud pitch, snore like
nexus crieria
absence of posterior midline cervical tenderness
