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All the Drugs > Immunosuppressants and Drug Endings > Flashcards

Immunosuppressants and Drug Endings Flashcards

1
Q

1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note

Immunosuppressants

A 
Cyclosporine
Tacrolimus (FK-506)
Sirolimus (rapamycin)
Azathioprine
Muromonab-CD3 (OKT3)
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2
Q

1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note

Cyclosporine

A
  1. Post-transplant immunosuppression; select autoimmune disorders
  2. Binds to cyclophilins. Complex blocks differentiation and activation of Tcells–> inhibiting calcineurin–> preventing production of IL-2 and its receptor
  3. Nephrotoxicity, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, tremor, gingival hyperplasia, hirsutism
  4. Think old man with diabetes who wants to look good for his date so he put in dentures and got hair plugs: old (renal failure, HTN, cholesterol), diabetes (hyperglycemia), dentures (gum hyperplasia), hair plugs (hirsutism, and he is taking the drug because of his hair transplant)
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3
Q

1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note

Tacrolimus (FK-506)

A
  1. Post- organ transplant immunosuppression; POTENT
  2. Binds to FK protein->inhibiting calcineurin->preventing IL-2
  3. Nephrotoxicity, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, tremor
  4. Think old with diabetes who is nervous because he is super sick: old (renal failure, HTN, cholesterol), diabetes (hyperglycemia), nervous (tremor), super sick (strong immunosuppressant)
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4
Q

1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note

Sirolimus (rapamycin)

A
  1. Immunosuppression post-KIDNEY transplant (Give with cyclosporine); used with drug-eluting stents
  2. Inhibits mTOR. Decreased cell proliferation in response to IL-2
  3. Hyperlipidemia, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia
  4. SIROlimus= SERIOUS complications: immunosuppression
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5
Q

1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note

Azathioprine

A
  1. Immunosuppression post-KIDNEY transplant; autoimmune disorders (including glomerulonephritis and hemolytic anemia)
  2. Antimetabolite. Blocks 6-mercaptopurine synth-> decreased synthesis of nucleic acids. Toxic to proliferating lymphocytes.
  3. Bone marrow suppression.
  4. Active metabolite (mercaptopurine) is metabolized by xanthine oxidase so more toxic when given with allopurinol
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6
Q

1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note

Muromonab-CD3 (OKT3)

A
  1. Immunosuppression post-KIDNEY transplant
  2. Monoclonal antibody to CD3 on T-cells. Blocks interaction with CD3 responsible for T-cell signal transduction
  3. Cytokine release syndrome, hypersensitivity reaction
  4. Antibodies= hypersensitivity, hypersensitivity= cytokine release
    - nab= monocolonal antibody therapy (usually)
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8
Q

1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note

Recombinant Cytokines

A 
Aldesleukin (interleukin-2)
Epoetin alfa (erythropoietin)
Filgrastim (CSF-G)
Sargramostim (CSF-GM)
Alpha-Interferon
Beta-Interferon
Gamma-Interferon
Oprelvekin (interleukin-11)
Thrombopoietin
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9
Q

1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note

Aldesleukin

A
  1. Renal cell carcinoma
    Metastatic Melanoma
  2. Cytokine: Interleukin-2
    MOA: increases helper, cytotoxic, and regulatory T cells
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10
Q

1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note

Epoetin alfa

A
  1. Anemias (esp in renal failure)
  2. Cytokine: Erythropoietin
    MOA: Stimulates Erythrocyte replication
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11
Q

1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note

Filgrastim

A
  1. Recovery of bone marrow

2. GM-CSF (Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factor)

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12
Q

1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note

Sargramostim (CSF-GM)

A
  1. Recovery of bone marrow

2. GM-CSF (Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor)

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13
Q

1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note

Alpha-Interferon

A 
1. Hepatitis B and C
Kaposi's Sarcoma
Leukemia
Malignant Melanoma
2. Inhibit viral protein synthesis and activates NK cells to kill virally infected cells
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14
Q

1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note

Beta-Interferon

A

Multiple Sclerosis

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15
Q

1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note

Gamma-Interferon

A
  1. Chronic Granulomatous disease
  2. Activates macrophages and Th1 cells
    Suppresses Th2 cells.
  3. (G)amma = (G)ranulomatous
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16
Q

1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note

Oprelvekin

A
  1. Thrombocytopenia

2. IL-11

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17
Q

1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note

Thrombopoietin

A

Thrombocytopenia

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19
Q

1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note

Theraputic Antibodies

A 
Muromonab-CD3 (OKT3
Digoxin Immune Fab
Infliximab
Adalimumab
Abciximab
Trastuzumab (Herceptin)
Rituximab
Omalizumab
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20
Q

1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note

Muromonab-CD3 (OKT3)

A
  1. Immunosuppression post-KIDNEY transplant
  2. Monoclonal antibody to CD3 on T-cells. Blocks interaction with CD3 responsible for T-cell signal transduction
  3. Cytokine release syndrome, hypersensitivity reaction
  4. Antibodies= hypersensitivity, hypersensitivity= cytokine release
    - nab= monocolonal antibody therapy (usually)
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21
Q

1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note

Digoxin Immune Fab

A

Target: Digoxin
Use: Antidote for Digoxin toxicity

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22
Q

1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note

Infliximab

A

Target: TNF-alpha
Use: Crohn’s Disease, Rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis

23
Q

1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note

Adalimumab

A

Target: TNF-alpha
Use: Crohn’s Disease, Rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis

24
Q

1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note

Abciximab

A

Target: Glycoprotien IIb/IIIa
Use: Prevent cardiac ischemia in unstable angina and patients treated with percutaneous coronary intervention
MOA: Prevents platelet aggregation by inhibiting the platelet-GIIb/IIIa-fibrinogen bonds

25
Q

1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note

Trastuzumab (Herceptin)

A

Target: HER2
Use: HER2 overexpressing breast cancer

26
Q

1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note

Rituximab

A

Target: CD20
Use: B-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma

27
Q

1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note

Omalizumab

A

Target: IgE
Use: Additional treatment for severe asthma

30
Q

1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note

-azole

A

Antifungal

Ex: Ketoconazole

31
Q

1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note

-cillin

A

Penicillin

Ex: Methicillin

32
Q

1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note

-cycline

A

Antibiotic, protein synthesis inhibitor

Ex: Tetracycline

33
Q

1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note

-navir

A

Antibiotic, protease inhibitor

Ex: Saqyubavir

35
Q

1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note

-triptan

A

5-HT 1B/1D agonists (for migranes)

Ex: Sumatriptan

36
Q

1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note

-ane

A

Inhalational general anesthetic

Ex: Halothane

37
Q

1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note

-caine

A

Local anesthetic

Ex: Lidocaine

38
Q

1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note

-operidol

A

Butyrophenone (neuroleptic)

Ex: Haloperidol

39
Q

1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note

-azine

A

Phenothiazine (neuroleptic, antiemetic)

Ex: Chlorpromazine, compazine

40
Q

1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note

-barbital

A

Barbituate

Ex: Phenobarbital

41
Q

1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note

-zolam

A

Benzodiazepine

Ex: Alprazolam

42
Q

1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note

-azepam

A

Benzodiazepine

Ex: Diazepam

43
Q

1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note

-etine

A

SSRI

Ex: Fluoxetine

44
Q

1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note

-ipramine

A

TCA

Ex: Imipramine

45
Q

1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note

-triptyline

A

TCA

Ex: Amitriptyline

47
Q

1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note

-olol

A

B-antagonist

Ex: Propranolol

48
Q

1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note

-terol

A

B2-agonist

Ex: Albuterol

49
Q

1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note

-zosin

A

Alpha1-antagonist

Ex: Prazosin

51
Q

1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note

-oxin

A 
Cardiac glycoside (inotropic agent)
Ex: Digoxin
52
Q

1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note

-pril

A

ACE inhibitor

Ex: Captopril

53
Q

1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note

-afil

A

Erectile Dysfunction

Ex: Sildenafil

55
Q

1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note

-tropin

A

Pituitary hormone

Ex: Somatotropin

56
Q

1) uses 2) class/ MOA 3) ADE 4)Fun fact/note

-tidine

A

H2 antagonist

Ex: Cimetidine

All the Drugs (17 decks)

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