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Pharmacology > Immunopharmacology > Flashcards

Immunopharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

where do corticosteroids act

A

at many levels, general suppressors
anti-inflammatory effects are rapid
immunosuppressive effects take time

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2
Q

adverse effects of corticosteroids

A

HYPERGLYCEMIA

cushing’s like syndrome, weight gain, osteoporosis, pituitary hypothalmic axis suppression

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3
Q

why are T-cell suppressants favorable?

A

no bone marrow suppression

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4
Q

what are the two calcineurin inhibitors

A

cyclosporine and tacrolimus

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5
Q

MOA for cyclosporine

A

inhibits of t-lymphocytes which inhibit calcineurin

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6
Q

cyclosporine use

A

prevent rejection, maintenance, bone marrow transplants

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7
Q

toxicities of cyclosporine

A

renal toxicity, gingival hyperplasia, hypertension, CNS side effects, drug interactions!!!! (rifampin, grapefruit juice, erythromycin/ketoconazole)

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8
Q

MOA for tacrolimus

A

selective inhibition of t-lymphocytes

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9
Q

toxicity of tacrolimus

A

nephrotoxicity, hypertension, hyperglycemia, tremor, headache, insomnia

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10
Q

MOA for sirolimus

A

inhibits proliferation of t-cells by binding to mTOR

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11
Q

side effects of sirolimus

A

increases cholesterol/triglycerides

BUT NO RENAL TOXICITY

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12
Q

MOA of mycophenolate mofetil

A

inhibits building blocks for purine synthesis

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13
Q

contraindications of mycophenolate mofetil

A

pregnancy

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14
Q

MOA for azathioprine

A

inhibits purine synthesis to inhibit DNA and RNA synthesis to induce apoptosis

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15
Q

use for azathioprine

A

prevents rejection in transplant patients

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16
Q

side effects of azathioprine

A

bone marrow suppression, tetratogenic

DO NOT USE WITH ALLOPURINOL

17
Q

MOA for methotrexate

A

DHF inhibitor, induces apoptosis

18
Q

side effects for methotrexate

A

bone marrow suppression, stomatitis

DO NOT USE IN PREGNANCY

19
Q

cyclophosphamide MOA

A

DNA-DNA cross linking, blocks response to new antigens and can inhibit established immune response

20
Q

side effects of cyclophosphamide

A 
hemorrhagic cystitis (must give with MESNA)
infertility
21
Q

basiliximab MOA

A

binds to IL-2 receptor (CD25)

22
Q

uses of basiliximab

A

induction of immunosuppresion, reduces renal rejection by 50%

23
Q

mostly commonly prescribed drugs to treat psoriasis and RA

A

abatacept, etancercept, adalimumab

24
Q

MOA for abatacept

A

competes with CD28 for CD80/86

25
Q

MOA for adalimumab and etancercept

A

antibody or fusion protein that neutralizes the biologic activity of TNF-alpha

26
Q

neupogen use

A

treatment for severe neutropenia induced by stem cell transplant or chemotherapy

27
Q

epogen use

A

severe anemia induced by antiviral, cancer chemotherapy, or chronic kidney disease

Pharmacology (7 decks)

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