Immunology part 1 and 2 (pics)

Question 1

Domains of Immunoglobulin

Answer 1

Fab is for antigen binding, and Fc is the crystallized fragment. The hinge region renders some degree of flexibility. In between the heavy and light chains, there are disulfide bonds. The upper areas are variable and the areas below are constant. Starting from the area directly below the variable, the numbering is 1 -> 2 -> 3 (Constant 1, constant 2, constant 3)

Domains of Immunoglobulin:
 Variable region – responsible for specificity; the antigen binding site
 CH2 (Constant heavy chain 2) – binds complement, specifically C1q, and initiates complement pathway
 CH3 (Constant heavy chain 3) – responsible for cytotropic reactions involving macrophages and monocytes, masT-cells, cytotoxic killer cells, and B-cells
 CL (Constant light chain) – responsible for the light chain type; either kappa or lambda

Question 2

Complement System Pathways

Answer 2

Question 3

Classical Pathway

Answer 3

Question 4

ALTERNATIVE PATHWAY

Answer 4