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Immunology & Serology Fall 2022 MLS > Immunology II Autoimmune Disease Lab > Flashcards

Immunology II Autoimmune Disease Lab Flashcards

1
Q

Disease associated with homogenous ANA pattern?

A

High titer - SLE and low titer other CTD

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2
Q

What are the antigens associated with high titer - SLE, low titer other connective tissue diseases?

A

dsDNA, ssDNA, DNP, and histones

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3
Q

What diseases are associated with peripheral ANA pattern?

A

High titer - SLE, MCTD, scleraderma, sjorens syndrome low titer

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4
Q

What are the antigens associated with High titer - SLE, MCTD, scleraderma, sjorens syndrome low titer

A

sm (smith antigen) - highly specific for SLE, RNP, Scl - 70, and SS - B

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5
Q

What are the diseases associated with speckled ANA pattern?

A

SLE, Mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD), Sjogren’s syndrome (SS), and scleroderma

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6
Q

What are the antigens associated with SLE, MCTD, SS, and scleroderma in speckled ANA pattern?

A

SS - B, Scl- 70 RNP, Sm (SLE)

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7
Q

What are the diseases associated with nucleolar ANA pattern?

A

High titer, scleroderma, Sjogren’s syndrome (SS)

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8
Q

What are the antigens associated with nucleolar ANA pattern?

A

4-6S RNA

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9
Q

What are the diseases associated with anti-centromere AB (ACA) in ANA pattern?

A

CREST

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10
Q

What are the antigens associated with anti-centromere AB (ACA) in ana pattern?

A

centromere

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11
Q

What is autoimmunity?

A

Body’s immune system inability to distinguish from non-self. Occurs when immunoglobulin or TC cells display specificity for self antigen. It can come in two flavors organ specific (single kind) or systemic (multiple antibodies).

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12
Q

What are the factors contributing to development of autoimmunity?

A

Genetic factors (tendency for more than 1 autoimmune disorder to occur in an individual), patient age (peak 60 - 70 years of age), exogenous factors (UV, drugs, viruses, chronic infectious idsease

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13
Q

What is tolerance for an immune system?

A

State in which the immune system is non-responsive to a specific antigen. Tolerance is needed to prevent immune reaction against autoantigens

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14
Q

How does a fetus avoid being attacked by a mother’s immune system?

A
  1. Syncytiotrophoblasts do not express class I or II peptides preventing immune activation.
  2. Increase steroid levels triggering transient thymus involution
  3. Produce AFP and progesterone to suppress mother’s immune system.
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15
Q

What are factors that contribute to the disruption of tolerance?

A
  1. Genetic mutation - survival / function of lymphocytes
  2. Loss of tolerance to an organ specific antigen; occurs because of viral infection, drug interaction, or up-regulation of MHC peptides
  3. B - cell response - cross reacting antibody observed in rheumatic fever because of M protein of streptococci reacting with cardiac myosin.
  4. T - cell response - organ specific autoimmune disease
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16
Q

What are the factors influencing development of tolerance?

A

1.Genetics specifically HLA antigens
2.Sex
3. Age
4. Exogenous factors

17
Q

What are the chances of development autoimmune disorder for the following HLA antigens?
1. HLA - B27 ankylosing spondylitis
2. Goodpastures
3. RA - DR - 4
4. Insulin - Dependent diabetes mellitus - DR3/DR4
5. Pemphigus vulgaris DR4

A
  1. HLA-B27 ankylosing spondylitis (87%)
  2. Goodpastures Syndrome( 16%)
  3. RA - DR-4 (4%)
  4. Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus - DR3/DR4
    (25%)
  5. Pemphigus vulgaris DR4 (14%)
18
Q

What is neutralization in immune tissue injury?

A

Antibody inactivates hormone or clotting factors

19
Q

Describe cytotoxic response in immune tissue injury?

A

Antibody against RBC or drug attached to RBC; complement activated

20
Q

Describe Immune complex mediated

A

[Description of type III]

21
Q

Describe delayed reactions.

A
22
Q

List autoimmune diseases of the thyroid.

A

Hashimoto’s, thyroiditis, primary myedema, and thyrotoxicosis

23
Q

List autoimmune diseases of the stomach

A

Pernicious anemia

24
Q

List auto immune diseases of the adrenal gland

A

Addison’s disease

25
Q

List an autoimmune disease of the pancreas

A

Juvenile diabetes

26
Q

Autoimmune disease of the muscle

A

Dermatomyositis

27
Q

Autoimmune disease of the kidney?

A

SLE

28
Q

Autoimmune disease of the skin

A

scleroderma

29
Q

autoimmune disease of the joints

A

Rheumatoid arthritis

30
Q

List examples of vasculitides (diseases)

A
  1. Systemic necrotizing arteritis (polyarteritis nodosa)
  2. Wegner’s vasculitis
  3. Giant cell arteritis
  4. Kawaksaki’s Disease
  5. Behcet’s disease

Immunology & Serology Fall 2022 MLS (5 decks)

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