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Year 2 - CP > Immunology First Two Lectures > Flashcards

Immunology First Two Lectures Flashcards

1
Q

What is the name for a type 1 hypersensitivity reaction?

A

Anaphylactic

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2
Q

What are the characteristics of a type 1 hypersensitivity reaction?

A

Wheal and flare

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3
Q

What antibody is involved in a type 1 hypersensitivity reaction?

A

IgE

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4
Q

What WBCs are involved in a type 1 hypersensitivity reaction?

A

Eosinophils and Basophils

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5
Q

What is the name for a type 2 hypersensitivity reaction?

A

Cytotoxic

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6
Q

What are the characteristics of a type 2 hypersensitivity reaction?

A

Cell lysis and necrosis

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7
Q

What antibody is involved in a type 2 hypersensitivity reaction?

A

IgG and IgM

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8
Q

What immune processes are involved in a type 1 hypersensitivity reaction?

A

Antibodies and compliment system

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9
Q

Give an example of a type 2 hypersensitivity reaction

A

Good pastures

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10
Q

What is the name for a type 3 hypersensitivity reaction?

A

Immune complex

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11
Q

What are the characteristics of a type 3 hypersensitivity reaction?

A

Errythema oedema and necrosis

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12
Q

What antibody is involved in a type 3 hypersensitivity reaction?

A

IgG and IgM

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13
Q

What immune factors are involved in a type 3 hypersensitivity reaction?

A

Neutrophils and complement system

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14
Q

Give an example of a type 3 hypersensitivity reaction

A

Farmers Lung

SLE

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15
Q

What is the name for a type 4 hypersensitivity reaction?

A

Delayed type

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16
Q

What antibody is involved in a type 4 hypersensitivity reaction?

A

None

17
Q

What are the characteristics of a type 4 hypersensitivity reaction?

A

Erythema

18
Q

Give an example of a type 4 hypersensitivity reaction

A

Contact dermatitis

TB

19
Q

What is the atopic triad

A

Allergic Rhinitis
Asthma
Atopic dermatitis

20
Q

What does release of IgE do to the body

A

Smooth muscle hypertrophy
Vasodilation
Mucous glands activated

21
Q

What is the late phase response?

A

After histamine has been released

Cytokines are released and leukotrienes and prostaglandins

22
Q

Whats the gold standard test for food allergies

A

Oral challenge test

23
Q

What other tests can you can do for allergies

A

Basophil activation test (when IgE binds to basophils Cd63 markers increase)
Skin prick test

24
Q

Name the three phagocytotic cells

A

Neutrophils (eat)
Macrophages (eat and produce chemokine)
Dendritic cells (eat and present antigen to T cell)

25
Q

What system is involved in autoinflammation?

A

Innate immune system - Neutrophils and macrophages

26
Q

What system is involved in autoimmune disease?

A

Adaptive

27
Q

What is central tolerance?

A

When B and T cells are made in BM they mature and undergo negative selection in the thymus to ensure they don’t fight the body

28
Q

What does a mutation in the FOXP3 gene do?

A

Causes failure to develop regulatory T cells

Causes severe autoimmunity from birth

29
Q

In AI diseases what do auto reactive B and T cells do?

A

Autoreative B cells: activate autoantibodies and the complement system
Autoreactive T cells: Activate Cytokines

Year 2 - CP (4 decks)

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