Immunology 9 - Hypersensitivity disorders (Path Guide) Flashcards
Against what are antibodies directed in HDN?
Rhesus antigens on neonatal erythrocytes
Against what are antibodies directed in autoimmune haemolytic anaemia?
Rh blood group antigens
Against what are antibodies directed in ITP?
Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa on platelets
Against what are antibodies directed in pemphigus vulgaris?
Epidermal cadherin
Against what are antibodies directed in acute rheumatic fever?
M proteins on GAS
What tests can be used to diagnosis myasthenia gravis?
Anti nAch-R Ab
Abnormal EMG
Tensilon test
How is the tensilon test performed?
Injection of reversible acetylcholine esterase inhibitor
Patient with MG will experience increased strength and endurance with repetitive movements
Recall some treatments for myasthenia gravis
Neostigmine
Pyridostigmine
How should eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis be treated?
Corticosteroids
Azathioprine
Cyclophosphamide
How should granulomatosis with polyangiitis be treated?
Corticosteroids
Cyclophosphamide
Co-trimoxazole
Livedo reticularis is seen in which of the vasculitides?
Microscopic polyangiitis
Against what are antibodies directed in mixed essential cryoglobulinaemia?
IgG +/- HepC antigens
Recall the symptoms of mixed essential cryoglobulinaemia
Arthralgia
Splenomegaly
Skin, nerve and kidney involvement
Association with Hep C
Recall the symptoms of serum sickness
Rashes, pruritis, arthralgia, lymphadenopathy, fever and malaise, 7-12 days following exposure to penicillin
How can serum sickness be diagnosed?
Decreased C3
Blood shows immune complexes or signs of blood vessel inflammation
Which antigens are involved in polyarteritis nodosa?
Hep B + C viral antigens
In what type III hypersensitivity disorder might the ‘rosary sign’ be seen, and what is this sign?
Polyarteritis nodosa
CT finding showing adenomyosis of the gallbladder - similar to pearl necklace sign
Recall the symptoms/signs of SLE
ARMADA SHIPS Arthritis Raynaud's/ renal findings Malar rash ANA positive Discoid rash Apthous ulcers
Serositis Haematology findings Immunology (anti-dsDNA, anti-sm) Photosensitivity Seizures
Recall some drugs that can cause drug-induced SLE
Hydralyzine (hypertension)
Isoniazid (TB)
Procainamide (cardiac arrhythmias)
What is the defininitive diagnostic test for MS?
LP –> CSF showing oligoclonal bands of IgG on electrophoresis
Recall the pharmacological treatments for MS
Corticosteroids
IFN beta
Recall the antibodies involved in Sjogren’s syndrome
Anti-Ro
Anti-La
Recall the antibodies involved in polymyositis/ dermatomyositis
Anti-Jo-1
What are the HLA associations of coeliac?
HLA-DQ2 and DQ8 (two eight or not to eat?)
Recall the antibodies involved in autoimmune hepatitis
Anti-smooth muscle
Anti-LKM-1
Anti soluble liver antigen (anti-SLA)
What is anti-U1RNP (speckled pattern) associated with?
Mixed connective tissue disease (including SLE)
What antibody is involved in primary biliary cirrhosis?
Anti-mitochondrial
