immunology

Question 1

Name 3 important structural proteins found in the keratin layer and epidermis of skin

Answer 1

keratin
fillagrin
involucrin

Question 2

which germ layer do Langerhan cells originate from?

Answer 2

neural crest

Question 3

what is a characteristic feature of Langerhan cells?

Answer 3

Birbeck granule

Question 4

CD_ T cells are found in the epidermis?

Answer 4

CD8

Question 5

CD8 and CD4 T cells are found in the dermis?

Answer 5

true

Question 6

Keratinocytes produce antimicrobial peptides (AMP) that can directly kill pathogens. True/False?

Answer 6

True

Act like antibiotics (non-cell-mediated immunity)

Question 7

do keratinocytes produce chemokines/cytokines?

Answer 7

yes

Question 8

CD4 Th_ cells are associated with psoriasis
CD4 Th_ cells are associated with atopic dermatitis
CD4 Th_ cells are associated with psoriasis + atopic dermatitis

Answer 8

CD4 Th1 cells are associated with psoriasis
CD4 Th2 cells are associated with atopic dermatitis
CD4 Th17 cells are associated with psoriasis + atopic dermatitis

Question 9

what is the funciton of TH2 cells?

Answer 9

help B cells make antibodies

Question 10

what is the main immune cell of the skin?

Answer 10

Langerhan cells

Question 11

where in the dermis are langerhan cells located?

Answer 11

prickle cell layer

Question 12

what is the function of TH1 cells?

Answer 12

macrophage activaiton

Question 13

Allergic type 1 hypersentivity reactions typically occurs within minutes up to hours. What are the principle skin reactions that occur?

Answer 13

true

angioedema and urticaria

Question 14

List step-up therapy for allergic reactions

Answer 14

Antihistamine
Prednisolone
Adrenaline

Question 15

Gene mutations for which protein are associated with severe/early atopic eczema?

Answer 15

Fillagrin

Question 16

What is the function of dermal dendritic cells?

Answer 16

Antigen presenting

Cyto/chemo -kine secretion

Question 17

What is the time period for type IV hypersensitivity reactions?

Answer 17

24-48 hrs

Question 18

Psoraisis lesions can be restored to normal state following effective therapy, even though there is chronic inflammation. True/False?

Answer 18

true

Question 19

What is the function of plasmacytoid dendritic cells?

Answer 19

Produce IFN-alpha

Question 20

MHC II present exogenous antigen to CD4 cells. True/False?

Answer 20

true

Question 21

What is the alternative name for the keratin layer of skin?

Answer 21

stratum corenum

Question 22

Healthy skin contains a large number of T-cells. The epidermis mainly contains CD4 T-cells. True/False?

Answer 22

false

Epidermis mainly contains CD8 cells

Question 23

In psoraisis, the keratinocytes are stressed. Activated T-cells produce cytokines and IL-17A. What is the significance/function of IL-17A?

Answer 23

Stimulates keratinocyte proliferation, AMP release and neutrophilic killing
Basically acts as a synapsis between skin and immune system

Question 24

It is common for psoraisis plaques to become squamous cell carcinoma. True/False?

Answer 24

false

Question 25

MHC II present exogenous antigen to CD4 cells. True/False?

Answer 25

true

Question 26

MHC I is present on all cells?

Answer 26

true

Question 27

MHC II is present on all cells?

Answer 27

False | MHC II is preswnt on APCs only

Question 28

do people with psoriasis have an increased risk of skin cancer?

Answer 28

no, this is very rare

Question 29

what is vitiligo?

Answer 29

autoimmune disease affecting the skin, blotchy skin due to IR on melanocytes