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immunology Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

Name 3 important structural proteins found in the keratin layer and epidermis of skin

A

keratin
fillagrin
involucrin

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2
Q

which germ layer do Langerhan cells originate from?

A

neural crest

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3
Q

what is a characteristic feature of Langerhan cells?

A

Birbeck granule

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4
Q

CD_ T cells are found in the epidermis?

A

CD8

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5
Q

CD8 and CD4 T cells are found in the dermis?

A

true

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6
Q

Keratinocytes produce antimicrobial peptides (AMP) that can directly kill pathogens. True/False?

A

True

Act like antibiotics (non-cell-mediated immunity)

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7
Q

do keratinocytes produce chemokines/cytokines?

A

yes

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8
Q

CD4 Th_ cells are associated with psoriasis
CD4 Th_ cells are associated with atopic dermatitis
CD4 Th_ cells are associated with psoriasis + atopic dermatitis

A

CD4 Th1 cells are associated with psoriasis
CD4 Th2 cells are associated with atopic dermatitis
CD4 Th17 cells are associated with psoriasis + atopic dermatitis

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9
Q

what is the funciton of TH2 cells?

A

help B cells make antibodies

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10
Q

what is the main immune cell of the skin?

A

Langerhan cells

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11
Q

where in the dermis are langerhan cells located?

A

prickle cell layer

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12
Q

what is the function of TH1 cells?

A

macrophage activaiton

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13
Q

Allergic type 1 hypersentivity reactions typically occurs within minutes up to hours. What are the principle skin reactions that occur?

A

true

angioedema and urticaria

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14
Q

List step-up therapy for allergic reactions

A

Antihistamine
Prednisolone
Adrenaline

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15
Q

Gene mutations for which protein are associated with severe/early atopic eczema?

A

Fillagrin

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16
Q

What is the function of dermal dendritic cells?

A

Antigen presenting

Cyto/chemo -kine secretion

17
Q

What is the time period for type IV hypersensitivity reactions?

A

24-48 hrs

18
Q

Psoraisis lesions can be restored to normal state following effective therapy, even though there is chronic inflammation. True/False?

A

true

19
Q

What is the function of plasmacytoid dendritic cells?

A

Produce IFN-alpha

20
Q

MHC II present exogenous antigen to CD4 cells. True/False?

A

true

21
Q

What is the alternative name for the keratin layer of skin?

A

stratum corenum

22
Q

Healthy skin contains a large number of T-cells. The epidermis mainly contains CD4 T-cells. True/False?

A

false

Epidermis mainly contains CD8 cells

23
Q

In psoraisis, the keratinocytes are stressed. Activated T-cells produce cytokines and IL-17A. What is the significance/function of IL-17A?

A

Stimulates keratinocyte proliferation, AMP release and neutrophilic killing
Basically acts as a synapsis between skin and immune system

24
Q

It is common for psoraisis plaques to become squamous cell carcinoma. True/False?

A

false

25
Q

MHC II present exogenous antigen to CD4 cells. True/False?

A

true

26
Q

MHC I is present on all cells?

A

true

27
Q

MHC II is present on all cells?

A

False

MHC II is preswnt on APCs only

28
Q

do people with psoriasis have an increased risk of skin cancer?

A

no, this is very rare

29
Q

what is vitiligo?

A

autoimmune disease affecting the skin, blotchy skin due to IR on melanocytes

dk derm (6 decks)

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