Immunology

Question 1

What do CD4+ cells do?

Answer 1

T helper cells
Produce cytokines e.g. IL-x
Bind to MHC-II

Question 2

What do CD8+ cells do?

Answer 2

Cytotoxic T cells
Phagocytose any cells with a peptide that it can bind to and recognise
Bind to MHC-I

Question 3

What are NK cells?

Answer 3

Innate immune system lymphoid cells

Cell mediated cytotoxicity

Question 4

What are the natural anticoagulants?

Answer 4

Protein C and S (thrombomodulin mediated)
Antithrombin
TFPI (stops factors 7 and 10)

Question 5

What is deficient in haemophillia A and B?

Answer 5

A- factor VIII

B - factor IX

Question 6

How do myelodysplastic syndromes present?

Answer 6

Acquired clonal disorder of the bone marrow

Macrocytic anaemia and pancytopenia (deficiency of all components of the blood)

Question 7

What would the labs show in polycythemia vera?

Answer 7

Headache, VTE, stroke, TIA, splenomegaly

Elevated Hg and hematocrit, elevated WCC and uric acid and elevated red cell mass

Question 8

How is polycythemia vera diagnosed and treated?

Answer 8

Headache, thrombosis, splenomegaly, itch, high WCC, platelets, uric acid, Hg and Hematocrit
Venesection, Aspirin and hydroxycarbemide