Immunology Flashcards

1
Q

What mechanisms are needed to ensure freedom from invasion?

A

Physical barriers that exclude invaders

Innate immunity that provides rapid initial protection

Adaptive immunity that provides prolonged effective immunity

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2
Q

What is the complex interacting network

A

The bodies defenses link together to form this network, as a result, change i one area may result in diverse effects in many other areas of immunity.

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3
Q

What are antibodies? Are they part of the adaptive or innate immune system?

A

Proteins that circulate in body fluids, especially the bloodstream, they bind to bacteria and mark them for destruction

Adaptive immunity

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4
Q

What is cell-mediated immunity? Is it part of the adaptive or innate immune system?

A

It employs cells that destroy abnormal cells such as those infected by viruses

Adaptive immunity

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5
Q

What is memory in regards to the immune system?

A

Part of the adaptive immune system that can remember prior exposure to foreign invaders and mount a faster and more effective response on subsequent exposure to that invader

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6
Q

Explain the difference between adaptive and innate immunity (include antigen, response time, memory, and superficiality).

A

Innate- not dependent on antigens, rapid response, no memory, not specific

Adaptive- response is antigen-specific, delayed response, memory, specific

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7
Q

What is hematopoiesis?

A

The production of red blood cells and platelets, immune cells

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8
Q

What are the three major lineages of hematopoiesis?

A

erythroid, myeloid, lymphoid

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9
Q

What do lymphocytes originate from?

A

Stem cells in the bone marrow

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10
Q

What is the adaptive immune system mediated by?

A

lymphocytes are responsible for adaptive immune response, specificity, and memory

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11
Q

How do lymphocytes mature?

A

Mature in primary lymphoid organs into T cells and B cells

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12
Q

What are the only cells in the body capable of specifically recognizing and distinguishing different antigens?

A

Lymphocytes

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13
Q

What are the sources for lymphocytes?

A

yolk sac –> fetal liver –> bone marrow

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14
Q

What is a primary lymphoid organ? Name them.

A

A site of lymphocyte development.

Thymus, bursa, peyer’s patches, bone marrow

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15
Q

What is a secondary lymphoid organ? Name them.

A

Sites where lymphocytes respond to antigens.

tonsils
spleen
lymph nodes
peyer's patches
bones marrow
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