Immunology Flashcards
What mechanisms are needed to ensure freedom from invasion?
Physical barriers that exclude invaders
Innate immunity that provides rapid initial protection
Adaptive immunity that provides prolonged effective immunity
What is the complex interacting network
The bodies defenses link together to form this network, as a result, change i one area may result in diverse effects in many other areas of immunity.
What are antibodies? Are they part of the adaptive or innate immune system?
Proteins that circulate in body fluids, especially the bloodstream, they bind to bacteria and mark them for destruction
Adaptive immunity
What is cell-mediated immunity? Is it part of the adaptive or innate immune system?
It employs cells that destroy abnormal cells such as those infected by viruses
Adaptive immunity
What is memory in regards to the immune system?
Part of the adaptive immune system that can remember prior exposure to foreign invaders and mount a faster and more effective response on subsequent exposure to that invader
Explain the difference between adaptive and innate immunity (include antigen, response time, memory, and superficiality).
Innate- not dependent on antigens, rapid response, no memory, not specific
Adaptive- response is antigen-specific, delayed response, memory, specific
What is hematopoiesis?
The production of red blood cells and platelets, immune cells
What are the three major lineages of hematopoiesis?
erythroid, myeloid, lymphoid
What do lymphocytes originate from?
Stem cells in the bone marrow
What is the adaptive immune system mediated by?
lymphocytes are responsible for adaptive immune response, specificity, and memory
How do lymphocytes mature?
Mature in primary lymphoid organs into T cells and B cells
What are the only cells in the body capable of specifically recognizing and distinguishing different antigens?
Lymphocytes
What are the sources for lymphocytes?
yolk sac –> fetal liver –> bone marrow
What is a primary lymphoid organ? Name them.
A site of lymphocyte development.
Thymus, bursa, peyer’s patches, bone marrow
What is a secondary lymphoid organ? Name them.
Sites where lymphocytes respond to antigens.
tonsils spleen lymph nodes peyer's patches bones marrow