Immunology Flashcards

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1
Q

Which cells express CD3?

A

T-Cells

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2
Q

Which cells express CD19?

A

B-Cells

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3
Q

Which cells express CD4?

A

Helper T-Cells

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4
Q

Which cells express CD8?

A

Killer T-Cells

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5
Q

Which cells express TLR4?

A

Macrophages

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6
Q

Which cell is involved in cellular response to intracellular pathogens and type IV hypersensitivty reactions?

A

TH1

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7
Q

Which cell releases IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 and is implicated in response to allergens and helminths?

A

TH2

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8
Q

Which cell type destroys foreign substances via osmotic lysis, secretion of TNF, or induction of apoptosis?

a) cytotoxic T cells
b) NK Cells
c) neutrophils
d) macrophages

A

a) cytotoxic T cells

NK cells bind antibody coated cells and release perforin or induce apoptosis in Fas-expressing cells.

Neutrophils phagocytose antigens or release lysosomal enzymes or proteolytic enzymes (collagenase, elastase, cathepsin B)

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9
Q

Which cells express CD56 and CD 161?

A

NK cells

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10
Q

What is the result of activating the following histamine receptor?
A) H1
B) H2

A

A) smooth muscle contraction, vasodilation, increased vascular permeability, and stimulation of nasal mucous glands
B) enhanced gastric secretion, mucus secretion, and leukocyte chemotaxis

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11
Q

Leukotrienes are formed from ….

A

arachidonic acid via the lipoxygenase pathway

LTB4 is a chemoattractant for neutrophils
LTC4/D4/E4 trigger more powerful allergic responses than histamines

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12
Q

Prostaglandins & thromboxanes are formed from….

A

arachidonoic acid via the cyclooxygenase pathway

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13
Q

The classical complement pathway is activated by

A

IgG and IgM antigen-antibody complexes

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14
Q

The alternative complement pathway is activated by

A

LPS, trypsin-like molecules, aggregated IgA and IgG, and cobra venom

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15
Q

Which cytokines are involved in inflammation and mediate natural immunity?

A

IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, TNF and IFN-γ

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16
Q

Which cytokines are involved in allergic inflammation?

A

IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13

17
Q

Which cytokines are involved in lymphocyte regulation

A

IL-10 and IL-12

18
Q

Which cytokines are hematopoeitic growth factors?

A

IL-3, IL-11, and GM-CSF

granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor