Immunology

Question 1

Secondary causes of immunodeficiency

Answer 1

• Medications: steroids, chemo, natural
• Infection: HIV, TB, herpes, measles
• Structural: anatomic, impaired memb, immotile cilia, CF, indwelling catheter
• Malignancy: hodgkin, leukemia, solid tumor, myeloma
• other: diabetes, renal insufficiency/dialysis, hepatic insufficiency, malnutrition, GERD

Question 2

Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome triad

Answer 2

• Thrombocytopenia
• Eczema
• Recurrent pyogenic infections in
infancy

Question 3

Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome triad

EXIT

Answer 3

• Eczema
• Xlinked
• Immunodeficiency: Recurrent pyogenic infections in
infancy, Bacterial infections with encapsulated organisms
• Thrombocytopenia

• Watery/bloody diarrhea & petechiae in first months

Question 4

Chronic Granulomatous Disease

Answer 4

Defect in NADPH oxidase

65% x-linked

Question 5

Hyper IgE Syndrome (Job’s)

Answer 5

Autosomal dominant mutations in STAT3 or autosomal recessive mutations in Dock8

Recurrent abscesses in skin, joints, lungs

Other: 
• Eczema
• Coarse facial features
• Delayed shedding of teeth
• Bone fractures, scoliosis, joint hyperlaxity

Question 6

Leukocyte Adhesion Defects (LAD)

Answer 6

Deficiency in adhesion molecules
Delayed separation of umbilical cord (> 4 weeks)
Staphylococcal infections: • Dental, gingivitis, intestinal