Immunology

Question 1

Primary Ab of humoral immune response:

Answer 1

IgM

Question 2

Secondary Ab of humoral immune response:

Answer 2

IgG

Question 3

Primary Ab and cells in type I hypersensitivity rxns:

Answer 3

IgE
Mast cells (basophils)
Granules (histamine)

Question 4

What cytokines work on fever?

Answer 4

IL-1 and IL-6

Question 5

What cytokine stimulates hematopoietic ells?

Answer 5

IL-3

Question 6

What cytokine stimulates IgA and eosinophils?

Answer 6

IL-5

Question 7

What cytokine stimulates IgE?

Answer 7

IL-4

Question 8

What cytokine aids in PMN chemotaxis?

Answer 8

IL-8

Question 9

What cytokine aids adhesion molecules?

Answer 9

TNF-alpha

Question 10

What cytokine stimulates collagen formation during wound healing?

Answer 10

TGF-beta

Question 11

What is the principle mediator of anaphylaxis?

Answer 11

histamine

Question 12

What is the principle mediator of asthma?

Answer 12

leukotriene

Question 13

What is the principle mediator of inflammation?

Answer 13

prostaglandin

Question 14

What is the principle mediator of pain?

Answer 14

bradykinin

Question 15

Thromboxane inc/dec platelet aggregation?

Answer 15

inc (vasoconstrictor)

Question 16

Prostacyclin inc/dec platelet aggregation?

Answer 16

dec (vasodilator)

Question 17

What activate compliment?

Answer 17

2 IgG 
1 IgM (pentameric)

Question 18

Where are monocytes derived from?

Answer 18

histiocytes (bone marrow)

Question 19

What cytokines do macrophages secrete?

Answer 19

IL-1, 6, 8, TNF, INF

Question 20

What 2 gourds of infectious invaders give you caseating granulomas?

Answer 20

TB and dimorphic fungi

Question 21

What happens during opsonization?

Answer 21

tag w/ FC portion of IgG
receptors for C3b
coating of bacteria

Question 22

What activates NK cells?

Answer 22

IL-12, INF-gamma

Question 23

CD4 relates to what T-cell and MHC?

Answer 23

T-helper cells

Class II MHC

Question 24

CD8 relates to what T-cell and MHC?

Answer 24

cytotoxic T-cells

Class I MHC

Question 25

Type I CD-4s secrete what?

Answer 25

IL-2, INF-gamma

Question 26

Type II CD-4s secrete what?

Answer 26

IL-4, IL-5

Question 27

What makes up the recognition unit?

Answer 27

Ab (FC portion) + Ag

C1q, r, s

Question 28

what complement component is responsible for immune adherence phenomenon?

Answer 28

C3b

Question 29

what are 2 anaphylactic toxins in complement cascade?

Answer 29

C3a

C5a

Question 30

What immune unit acts on C5?

Answer 30

C3b + C4 + C2

Question 31

What makes up the MAC unit?

Answer 31

C5b + C6 + C7 + C8 + poly C9

Question 32

What is the fxn of poly C9?

Answer 32

transmembrane burrowing and lysis

Question 33

What “pieces” together IgA “Y” sections?

Answer 33

J piece

Question 34

What type of rxn is mis-matched blood transfusion?

Answer 34

type II

Question 35

Autoimmune diseases are what type of hypersensitivity rxn?

Answer 35

type III

Question 36

Granuloma formation is seen in what type of hypersensitivity rxn?

Answer 36

type IV

Question 37

Smoking causes what type of metaplasia?

Answer 37

loss of sIgA, cilia

pseudo stratified ciliated to stratified squamous

Question 38

What is the “wear and tear” epithelium?

Answer 38

stratified squamous

Question 39

What is the #1 cancer of the esophagus?

Answer 39

adenocarcinoma

Question 40

What are the best examples of dysplasia (pre-cancerous)?

Answer 40

CIN

Question 41

What are the features anaplasia

Answer 41

cellular pleomorphism 
irregular and hyperchromatic nuceli 
high N/C ratio (low cytoplasm)
lg nucleoli 
lg abnormal mitotic figures

Question 42

What are the sings of inflammation?

Answer 42

calor 
rubor 
tumor 
dolor 
functio laesa

Question 43

What is the most important chemotactic factor causing activation of the complement cascade?

Answer 43

C5a