Immunology Flashcards
What are the three types of lymphocytes ( white blood cells)
T cells (cell mediated and cytotoxic adaptive immunity) B cells (humoral, antibody adaptive immunity) Natural killer cells (cell mediated and cytotoxic innate immunity)
Where are T cells and B cells found
T cells in the thymus and B cells in the bone marrow
What do B cells do
Main role is recognition of foreign material and to produce antibodies
What do T cells do
They help B cells to make antibodies
Recognising and destroying infected cells
Activating phagocytosis
Regulating the level and quality of immune response
What do NK cells do
They are activated in response to cytokines released (interferon) and the release cytotoxic granules that destroy altered cells
What are the types of T cells
Helper T cells (CD3 and CD4) (28-59%)
Cytotoxic T cells (CD8)
Memory T cells
What are the types of NK cells
CD 16 and CD 56 (2-13%)
What are the types of B cells
CD 19 and CD21 (18-47%)
What do lymphocytes do in the immune system
They control the immune response by recognising antigens in the body (bacteria, viruses, fungi and paracites)
What types of cells make up white blood cells
Myeloid leucocytes
Lymphocytes
What cells are from the myeloid leucocytes
Neutrophils 62%
Monocytes 5.3%
Eosinophils 2.3%
Basophils 0.4%
What is the total % of lymphocytes in WBC
30% total
Where are dendritic cells found
In the skin and inner lining of the nose, lungs, stomach and gut. They process antigen material and present it on the cell surface to the T cells. They act as messengers between the innate and adaptive immune systems.
what cells make up whole blood
red cells (erythrocytes)
white cells (leucocytes)
platelets
plasma
Where are lymphocytes produced
Thymus, bone marrow, spleen and other lymphoid tissues
What are Langerhans cells and where are the found
They are specialised dendritic cells of the skin and mucosa and maybe initial cellular targets for transmission of HIV. ( found in foreskin and vaginal mucosa and less in oral mucosa
what are the four groups of immune cells
leukocytes (WBC), plasma, macrophages and mast cells
What are the five types of white blood cells
neutrophils, basophils, eosiniophils, monocytes and lymphocytes
what are the four types of lymphocyte cells
B cells
Cytotoxic T cells (CD8)
Helper T cells (CD4)
Natural Killer cells
