Immunology Flashcards
What are the non-specific responses
Physical:
- mechanical: skin, mucosa, respiratory cilia
- secretions: saliva, urine
chemical:
- stomach acid
What is inflammation triggered by?
bacteria, damage, dead cells
What are the signs of inflammation
- calor (heat)
- rubor (red)
- tumor (swelling)
- Dolor (pain)
- functio laesa (loss of function)
What is the bodys response to inflammation
vasodilation
increased permeability
increased blood flow
What are white blood cells role (monocytes)
- secrete reactive substances (chemicals to denature bacteria e.g peroxide/ oxygen radicals)
- phagocytosis
3.act like antigen- presenting cells (ink between specific and non specific)
- promote wound healing
What is the classical pathway dependent on and what is it triggered by?
Depends on conversion C1-> C1’
-triggered by inflammation, bacteria, viruses, tissue damage
What does the classifical pathway end with?
Final common pathway (production of activated complement)
What is the function of complement factors
- cell kysis
- cell inflammation
-opsonization
What is meant by cell mediated immunity
cells engage with target (rather than b-cell producing antibiodies)
What is cell mediated immunity effective for>
tumour cells
non self cells
virus infected cells
How does Cell mediated immunity work?
- Detects abnormal antigens & t-cel activated
- t cell secrete cytotoxic substances & cytokines causing cells to die
- clonal expansion
What is an autoimmune disease
Immune system mounts a response to antigens produced by the body
What are different autoimmune diseases that affect the bone and tissues
Rheumatoid arthritis
Lupus
What are different autoimmune diseases that affect the GI Tract
Coeliac
Pernicious anaemia
What are different autoimmune diseases that affect the PNS/CNS:
Multiple sclerosis
Myasthenia Gravis→ affects neuromuscular junction (weakness→ unable to move muscles as well)
