Immunology

Question 1

Serum from an individual previously immunized against an antigen that contains antibodies specific for that antigen

Answer 1

Antiserum

Question 2

An animal's production of antibody as a result of infection with an antigen or immunization

Answer 2

Active immunity

Question 3

The ability to fight infection with the antibody an animal receives from its parent

Answer 3

Passive immunity

Question 4

Consist of a non infectious agent, such as whole killed pathogens or selected antigenic subunits in sufficient amount to induce immunity

Answer 4

Inactivated vaccine

Question 5

Extracts genes from 1 organism
and combines them with genes from another

Answer 5

Recombinant vaccine

Question 6

Inactivated antigenic toxin molecules that stimulate development of the animal's own antibodies

Answer 6

Toxoid

Question 7

A biological product representing a pathogenic organism that Stimulates immunity toward the pathogen

Answer 7

Vaccine

Question 8

Occurs when antibodies are produced by lymphocytes in response to the animal having experienced and endured a certain disease process

Answer 8

Natural active immunity

Question 9

Occurs when an inactivated form of the disease is introduced into the animals body. This encourages lymphocytes to produce specific antibodies without causing clinical signs

Answer 9

Artificial active immunity

Question 10

Occurs when an antiserum produced within a donor animal is given

Answer 10

Artificial passive immunity

Question 11

The innate ability to respond to some antigens seen in neonates (very young animals)

Answer 11

Natural passive immunity

Question 12

Simple barriers to invasion, for example, skin

Answer 12

Basic defenses

Question 13

The mucous membrane and microscopic hairs that line the respiratory tract

Answer 13

Mucociliary apparatus

Question 14

Cells in the immune system that work together to protect the body. 4 important types are phagocytes, helper cells, cytotoxic cells and suppressor cells.

Answer 14

Cellular defense

Question 15

Large cells that ingest microorganisms or other cells and foreign particles

Answer 15

Phagocytes

Question 16

Messenger proteins that help to activate and mobilize other immune system cells

Answer 16

Cytokines

Question 17

Produce toxins (poisons) designed to destroy infected cells

Answer 17

Cytotoxic cells

Question 18

Turn off and regulate immune responses to prevent damage to the animal's body, exorcism after the rest of the immune system has brought the invader under control

Answer 18

Suppressor cells

Question 19

Specialized serum proteins that combine with a particular antigen to combat specific parts of an invading organism

Answer 19

Antibodies

Question 20

Carries immune responses (antibodies) throughout the animal's body in its fluids

Answer 20

Humoral defense

Question 21

The process of inducing active immunity against a particular foreign organism

Answer 21

Immunization

Question 22

The introduction of a foreign antigent into the body to stimulate an immune response

Answer 22

Vaccination

Question 23

The process by which the immune response against one organism also protects against a different organism

Answer 23

Cross-immunity

Question 24

MLV vaccines are designed to mimic an actual infection. These vaccines contain a smaller amount of infectious organism. Their job is to produce more of that organism and stimulate an immune response.

Answer 24

Modified live viral (MLV) or attenuated, vaccine

Question 25

Made from organisms that have been treated with heat or chemicals to inactivate them and make them noninfectious

Answer 25

Inactivated or killed vaccines

Question 26

Produces inflammation or irritation in the body to get the immune system

Answer 26

Adjuvant

Question 27

Contains only a few selected parts of an organism

Answer 27

Subunit vaccines

Question 28

A method that extracts genes from 1 organism and combines them with genes from another

Answer 28

Recombinant DNA technology

Question 29

Too many different antigens are administered at one time

Answer 29

Antigenic overload

Question 30

A pocket of pus under the skin

Answer 30

Abscess

Question 31

Gets into a batch of vaccine and grows without being detected

Answer 31

Contaminant organism

Question 32

A massive allergic reaction that involves an animal's whole body

Answer 32

Anaphylaxis

Question 33

A fast growing cancerous tumor striking your vaccination location and cats.

Answer 33

Fibrosarcoma

Question 34

The freeze dried component of a vaccine

Answer 34

Lyophilized

Question 35

A type of restraint for cattle or sheep

Answer 35

Headgate

Question 36

Under the skin

Answer 36

Subcutaneous

Question 37

Into the muscle

Answer 37

Intramuscular

Question 38

Into the nose

Answer 38

Intranasal

Question 39

A virus which can cause severe vomiting, diarrhea, and even death

Answer 39

Feline panleukopenia virus (FPLV)

Question 40

A mild severe upper respiratory infection characterized by a high morbidity, low mortality, fever, eye, and nose discharge sneezing, coughing and tongue ulcers

Answer 40

Feline viral respiratory disease complex

Question 41

A highly fatal viral infection of the nervous system; affects all warm blooded animal species

Answer 41

Rabies

Question 42

A virus which most often strikes kittens less than two months old period usual symptoms include red, watery eyes and mild sneezing and coughing

Answer 42

Chlamydia

Question 43

Usually begins with fever, along with pus flow from the eyes and nose. Infected dogs are depressed and don't eat. As distemper progresses to the digestive and respiratory tracts, brai and other nerve tissue, it causes symptoms like vomiting...

Answer 43

Canine distemper virus

Question 44

Type 2 causes respiratory disease; type 1 causes infectious canine hepatitis, a severe and sometimes fatal liver disease

Answer 44

Canine adenovirus (CAV)

Question 45

An acute respiratory disease of dogs.

Answer 45

Kennel cough

Question 46

An acute, often recurrent joint inflammation of dogs and humans

Answer 46

Lyme disease

Question 47

An infection which causes an acute gastroenteritis that's most severe in young puppies

Answer 47

Canine coronovirus (CCV)

Question 48

A highly fatal, paralytic disease caused by a nerve toxin produced by clostridium tetani bacteria

Answer 48

Tetanus

Question 49

Caused by a herpes virus; symptoms range from upper respiratory tracts disease to abortion

Answer 49

Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR)