Immunology Flashcards
Serum from an individual previously immunized against an antigen that contains antibodies specific for that antigen
Antiserum
An animal's production of antibody as a result of infection with an antigen or immunization
Active immunity
The ability to fight infection with the antibody an animal receives from its parent
Passive immunity
Consist of a non infectious agent, such as whole killed pathogens or selected antigenic subunits in sufficient amount to induce immunity
Inactivated vaccine
Extracts genes from 1 organism
and combines them with genes from another
Recombinant vaccine
Inactivated antigenic toxin molecules that stimulate development of the animal's own antibodies
Toxoid
A biological product representing a pathogenic organism that Stimulates immunity toward the pathogen
Vaccine
Occurs when antibodies are produced by lymphocytes in response to the animal having experienced and endured a certain disease process
Natural active immunity
Occurs when an inactivated form of the disease is introduced into the animals body. This encourages lymphocytes to produce specific antibodies without causing clinical signs
Artificial active immunity
Occurs when an antiserum produced within a donor animal is given
Artificial passive immunity
The innate ability to respond to some antigens seen in neonates (very young animals)
Natural passive immunity
Simple barriers to invasion, for example, skin
Basic defenses
The mucous membrane and microscopic hairs that line the respiratory tract
Mucociliary apparatus
Cells in the immune system that work together to protect the body. 4 important types are phagocytes, helper cells, cytotoxic cells and suppressor cells.
Cellular defense
Large cells that ingest microorganisms or other cells and foreign particles
Phagocytes
Messenger proteins that help to activate and mobilize other immune system cells
Cytokines
Produce toxins (poisons) designed to destroy infected cells
Cytotoxic cells
Turn off and regulate immune responses to prevent damage to the animal's body, exorcism after the rest of the immune system has brought the invader under control
Suppressor cells
Specialized serum proteins that combine with a particular antigen to combat specific parts of an invading organism
Antibodies
Carries immune responses (antibodies) throughout the animal's body in its fluids
Humoral defense
The process of inducing active immunity against a particular foreign organism
Immunization
The introduction of a foreign antigent into the body to stimulate an immune response
Vaccination
The process by which the immune response against one organism also protects against a different organism
Cross-immunity
MLV vaccines are designed to mimic an actual infection. These vaccines contain a smaller amount of infectious organism. Their job is to produce more of that organism and stimulate an immune response.
Modified live viral (MLV) or attenuated, vaccine
Made from organisms that have been treated with heat or chemicals to inactivate them and make them noninfectious
Inactivated or killed vaccines
Produces inflammation or irritation in the body to get the immune system
Adjuvant
Contains only a few selected parts of an organism
Subunit vaccines
A method that extracts genes from 1 organism and combines them with genes from another
Recombinant DNA technology
Too many different antigens are administered at one time
Antigenic overload
A pocket of pus under the skin
Abscess
Gets into a batch of vaccine and grows without being detected
Contaminant organism
A massive allergic reaction that involves an animal's whole body
Anaphylaxis
A fast growing cancerous tumor striking your vaccination location and cats.
Fibrosarcoma
The freeze dried component of a vaccine
Lyophilized
A type of restraint for cattle or sheep
Headgate
Under the skin
Subcutaneous
Into the muscle
Intramuscular
Into the nose
Intranasal
A virus which can cause severe vomiting, diarrhea, and even death
Feline panleukopenia virus (FPLV)
A mild severe upper respiratory infection characterized by a high morbidity, low mortality, fever, eye, and nose discharge sneezing, coughing and tongue ulcers
Feline viral respiratory disease complex
A highly fatal viral infection of the nervous system; affects all warm blooded animal species
Rabies
A virus which most often strikes kittens less than two months old period usual symptoms include red, watery eyes and mild sneezing and coughing
Chlamydia
Usually begins with fever, along with pus flow from the eyes and nose. Infected dogs are depressed and don't eat. As distemper progresses to the digestive and respiratory tracts, brai and other nerve tissue, it causes symptoms like vomiting...
Canine distemper virus
Type 2 causes respiratory disease; type 1 causes infectious canine hepatitis, a severe and sometimes fatal liver disease
Canine adenovirus (CAV)
An acute respiratory disease of dogs.
Kennel cough
An acute, often recurrent joint inflammation of dogs and humans
Lyme disease
An infection which causes an acute gastroenteritis that's most severe in young puppies
Canine coronovirus (CCV)
A highly fatal, paralytic disease caused by a nerve toxin produced by clostridium tetani bacteria
Tetanus
Caused by a herpes virus; symptoms range from upper respiratory tracts disease to abortion
Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR)
