Immunology

Question 1

Where does papain cleave immunoglobulin?

Answer 1

Above the hinge, resulting in 2 Fab fragments and 1 Fc fragment

Question 2

Where does pepsin cleave immunoglobulin?

Answer 2

Below the hinge, resulting in 1 Fab(2) fragment and 1 Fc fragment

Question 3

Which cytokine induce production of IgG1?

Answer 3

IFN-g and IL-4

Question 4

Which cytokine induce production of IgG2?

Answer 4

IFN-g and TGF-b

Question 5

Which cytokine induce production of IgG3?

Answer 5

IFN-g

Question 6

Which cytokine induce production of IgG4?

Answer 6

IL-4 and IL-13

Question 7

Which cytokine induce production of IgA?

Answer 7

TGF-b and IL-5

Question 8

Which cytokine induce production of IgM?

Answer 8

None. IgM is produced as primary response prior to class switching.

Question 9

Which cytokine induce production of IgE

Answer 9

IL-4 and IL-13

Question 10

What does mutation in IL-12Rb1 associated with

Answer 10

Infection with intracellular bacteria, notably salmonella and atypical mycobacteria

Question 11

What does IRAK-4 deficiency cause?

Answer 11

susceptibility to pyogenic infections, especially strep. pneumonia

Question 12

What is the cause of Castleman’s disease?

Answer 12

Hyperproduction of IL-6

Question 13

What receptors got affected in X-linked SCID?

Answer 13

IL-2, IL-4, IL-7, IL-9, IL-15 and IL-21. All contain gc, which is affected in X-linked SCID

Question 14

What does receptors for IL-3, IL-5 and GM-CSF shares?

Answer 14

Common beta chain

Question 15

Function of SCF (stem cell factor)

Answer 15

• Act on immature stem cells with c-kit
• Enhances response to other CSFs
• Sustain viability of T cells in the thymus
• Mast cell growth factor

Question 16

Function of IL-7

Answer 16

Survival of mature, naive, and memory T cell (especially CD4)

Question 17

Function of IL-3

Answer 17

Promote growth and development of mast cells from bone marrow
- Basophil differentiating cytokine

Question 18

Function of IL-11

Answer 18

Megakaryocytopoiesis

Question 19

HIV / AIDS - chemokines / receptor defect

Answer 19

CCR5, CCL3L1, CXCR4, CCR2, CXCL12

Question 20

WHIM syndrome

Answer 20

CXCR4

Question 21

HIT (heparin induced thrombocytopenia)

Answer 21

CXCL4

Question 22

Atherosclerosis

Answer 22

CX3CR1, CCL2

Question 23

Asthma or allergies

Answer 23

CCL2, CCL5, CCL7, CCL11, CXCL8

Question 24

Cancer metastases

Answer 24

CXCL12 CXCR4, CXCR7

Question 25

Crohn’s disease

Answer 25

CCL25, CCR9

Question 26

Transplant rejection

Answer 26

CCR5, CCL2, CCL4L1

Question 27

Which complement fragments act as anaphylotoxins

Answer 27

C5a, C4a, C3a
Induces inflammation by activating mast cells, neutrophils and endothelial cells
C5a>C3a>C4a

Question 28

CH50 absent and AH50 ok

Answer 28

Deficiency in C1q, C1r, C1s, C2, C4

Question 29

CH50 ok and AH50 absent

Answer 29

Deficiency in Factor B, Factor D, or properdin

Question 30

CH50 and AH50 absent

Answer 30

Deficiency in C3, C5, C6, C7, C8, C9

Question 31

CH50, AH50 and C3 absent

Answer 31

Deficiency in Factor H and Factor I