Immunology 1

Question 1

give 2 examples of mechanical barriers

Answer 1

epithelial cells/cilia
tears

Question 2

give 3 examples of chemical barriers

Answer 2

pH
enzymes
a/b defensins

Question 3

what’s a zymogen

Answer 3

inactive form of an enzyme
activated by another enzyme

Question 4

what’re some features of defensins (2)

Answer 4

amphipathic (hydrophobic & philic)
formes pores in membrane

Question 5

what’re some features of cathelicidins (2)

Answer 5

amphipahthic (hydrophoibic/phillic)
formes pores in membrane

Question 6

where are histains produced

Answer 6

major salivary glands

Question 7

which cells are of the adaptive immune system

Answer 7

B&T lymphocytes

Question 8

what’re the 3 ways to activation pathways of the complement system

Answer 8

alternative
- antibody forms spontaneously
classical
- antibody binds to receptor
lectin
- mannose binding lectin

Question 9

what’re the functions of the complement system (3)

Answer 9

Amplify response
help facilitate recognition of bacteria by phagocytes
directly lyse bacteria

Question 10

what’s the shared intermediate step of the complement system

Answer 10

use of C3b to form C3 convertase

Question 11

what’re the 3 effector steps of the complement system
- what variation of C is present in each

Answer 11

opsonisation
- tag pathogens for phagocytosis
- C3b
anaphlatoxin production
- bring more cells to site & inflammation
- C3a & C5a
formation of MAC
- forms pores in plasma membrane
- C6-9

Question 12

what’re the uses of:
- C3b
- C3a/C5a
- C6-9

Answer 12

• opsonisation & phagocytosis
• inflammation
• lysis of microbes