Immunoglobulins 1

Question 1

Two types of blood proteins?

Answer 1

Albumins (full saturation with ammonium sulphate)

Globulins (half saturation with ammonium sulphate)

Question 2

Blood is split into…

Answer 2

Plasma + serum

Question 3

2 major functions of antibodies

Answer 3

1-binding foreign antibodies encountered by the host

2-mediating effector function to neutralise or eliminate foreign molecules

Question 4

What IgE?

Answer 4

A class of immunoglobulin

Question 5

Main reason for bonds?

Answer 5

Helps sustain structure

Question 6

CDR?

Answer 6

Complementary determining region

Question 7

2 different chains?

Answer 7

Heavy and light

Question 8

Analysis of IgG?

Answer 8

Multiple myeloma

Question 9

Rearrangement of gene process? For heavy chain expression

Answer 9

D segment joins to j segment- DJ segment joins a V segment

Encodes the variable (V) region heavy chain

Question 10

Light chain expression?

Answer 10

V segment joins to a J segment- assembled VJ segment encodes the V region of the light chain

Question 11

How many binding sites on antigens?

Answer 11

2

Question 12

What’s an antigen?

Answer 12

A foreign macromolecule which can bind to antibodies, inducing an immune response

Question 13

Antibodies can distinguish between in… (3 things)

Answer 13

1-primary structure of an antigen
2-secondary and tertiary structure of an antigen
3-isomeric forms of an antigen/epitope

Question 14

What’s an epitope?

Answer 14

Portion of the antigen which binds to the antibody

Question 15

Polyclonal antibodies?

Answer 15

each antibody can interact with different epitope a on the antigen

Question 16

Monoclonal antibodies?

Answer 16

Can only bind to one epitope on the antigen

Question 17

Evidence for 2 identical binding sites

Answer 17

1. The ability of monoclonal antibodies to cross link
2. effect of proteolytic degradation of IgG on cross linking
3. Both H and L chains involved

Question 18

Advantages of Fab fragments as tools

Answer 18

1. smaller than whole IgG mol.

2. 2 fab regions can bind and precipitate

Question 19

IgG structure?

Answer 19

2 heavy chains
2 light
Maintained by disulphide bonds
Constant and variable
Each part important

Question 20

Immunoglobulin definition?

Answer 20

Blood proteins which are involved in immunity