Immuno (Cellular Components)

Question 1

What are the components of the innate immunity?

Answer 1

1) Neutrophils
2) Macrophages
3) Monocytes
4) Dendritic cells
5) Natural killer cells
6) Complement
7) Physical epithelial barriers
8) Secreted enzymes

Question 2

What are the components of the adaptive immunity?

Answer 2

1) T-cells
2) B-cells
3) Circulating antibodies

Question 3

What is the mechanism through which the innate system works?

Answer 3

Germline encoded

Question 4

What is the mechanism through which the adaptive system works?

Answer 4

Variation through VDJ recombination during lynphocyte development.

Question 5

What is the innate immune response to pathogens?

Answer 5

Nonspecific and no memory response

Question 6

How long does it take the innate immunity to respond?

Answer 6

Rapidly (minutes to hours)

Question 7

What is the adaptive immune response to pathogens?

Answer 7

Highly specific and refined over time. Memory respinse is faster and more robust.

Question 8

How long does it take the adaptive immunity to respons?

Answer 8

Long periods

Question 9

What proteins does the innate immune system secrete?

Answer 9

1) Lysozymes
2) Complement
3) C-reactive protein (CRP)
4) Defensins
5) Cytokines

Question 10

What proteins does the adaptive immune system secrete?

Answer 10

1) Immunoglobulins

2) Cytokines

Question 11

What are some of the ways that the innate immune system recognizes pathogens?

Answer 11

1) Toll-like receptors (TLRs)
2) Pattern recognition receptors that recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)
3) PAMPs lead to activation of NF-kB.
4) PAMPs include:
a) LPS (Gram - bacteria)
b) Flagellin (bacteria)
c) Nucleic acids (viruses)

Question 12

What are some of the ways that the adaptive immune system recognizes pathogens?

Answer 12

Memory cells (activated B and T cells that were previously exposed to the antigen = stronger and quicker immune response)