Immunizations and Diseases Flashcards
total doses of HEPB vaccine
3 doses
(birth, 1-2 months, 6-18 months)
total doses of rotavirus (RV)
2 doses (with RV1)
OR
3 doses (with RV5)
At what intervals are rotavirus (RV) vaccines given?
2 months, 4 months (RV1)
OR
2 months, 4 months and 6 months (RV5)
minimum age for:
RV
DTaP
HIB
PCV
IPV
6 weeks
HIB addresses:
influenza B
PCV addresses:
pneumococcal conjugate
IPV addresses:
polio
(inactivated poliovirus)
DTaP addresses:
diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis
MMR addresses:
measles, mumps, rubella
DTaP should be given at what intervals?
5 total doses
(2 months, 4 months, 6 months, 15-18 months, 4-6 years)
THEN
give TDaP as a booster every 10 years
TDaP minimum age for administration
11 years old
(give every 10 years as a booster for DTaP)
MMR, VAR (varicella) and HEPA minimum age for administration
12 months old
MMR dosing schedule
2 doses
(12-15 months, 4-6 years)
VAR dosing schedule
2 doses
(12-15 months, 4-6 years
HEPA dosing schedule
2 doses
(12-23 months initial, THEN second dose 6-18 months after initial dose)
HPV dosing schedule
2 or 3 doses
(11-12 years old initial dose, THEN second dose 6-12 months after initial dose)
HPV minimum age for administration
9 years old
HEPB contraindication
severe yeast allergy
HEPA contraindication
severe latex allergy
MENB contraindication
latex allergy
DTaP adverse effects
–inconsolable crying for 3 hours or more
–fever
–inflammation at injection site
–vomiting, poor appetite
–seizures
–encephalopathy (rare and severe)
MMR adverse effects
–local reactions at site
–fever
–swollen salivary glands
–joint pain and stiffness
–febrile seizure
–low platelet count
VAR adverse effects
–local reactions at site
–fever
–mild rash
–seizures
–pneumonia
Varicella: what kind of precautions?
airborne
Pertussis: what kind of precautions?
droplet
stomatitis (HSV, canker sores): what kind of precautions?
contact
conjunctivitis: purulent, thick drainage and red sclera: what kind of infection?
bacterial
conjunctivitis: itchy, watery and less drainage: what kind of infection?
viral
What causes cold sores?
HSV
How do you diagnose presence of pinworms?
“tape test”
–tape on anus at nighttime, flashlight to see worms on tape
How do you diagnose giardiasis?
stool test to detect presence of parasites
How do you treat giardiasis?
Antibiotics
Atelectasis vs. pneumothorax: what is the difference?
Atelectasis is partial or complete collapse of lung due to obstruction in the airway. Pneumothorax is not as a result of an obstruction.
How do you treat scabies AND lice?
permethrin cream on effected area
What is another name for Hand/Foot/Mouth disease?
Coxsackie viral infection
How do you treat HFM?
Antivirals (especially acyclovir)
How do you treat HSV (cold sores, HFM)?
ACYCLOVIR (an antiviral)
What precautions for HFM?
contact
cold sores: what are they?
Caused by HSV, on the outside of the mouth
canker sores: what are they?
Inflammatory, on the inside of the mouth
Giardiasis and pinworms require what precautions?
Contact
Pertussis: how does it spread?
–Long incubation period (6-20 days)
–droplet precautions
How does measles (rubeola), varicella, tb and diphtheria spread?
Airborne!
How do pertussis, rubella (German measles) and mumps spread?
Droplet!
