immunizations Flashcards
contraindications to live vaccines
pregnancy; severely immunocompromised
recommended minimum interval between doses of two or more live vaccines
28 day minimum, if not administered simultaneously
Hepatitis B
- total # of doses
- when 1st dose is given
- series of 3 vaccines
- routine: birth
contraindications of Hep B
life threatening allergy to yeast
common contraindications for all vaccines
1) severe allergic rxn to vaccine or vaccine component
2) moderate or severe illness REGARDLESS of fever
DTaP
- total # of doses
- when is 1st dose given
- series of 5 vaccines
- 2 months
contraindications of DTaP
- encephalopathy not attributable to another identifiable cause within 7 days after prior dose of DTaP
- deferred in individuals with progressive neurologic disorders until neurologic status is clarified and stabilized
When is Tdap recommended
- single dose recommended for adolescents 11-12 years
- pregnancy
When is DT recommended
- does not contain pertussis; used in children less than 7
When is Td recommended
tetatnus-diphtheria vaccine given as booster shot every 10 years or when trauma requires
Haemophilus influenzae type B (Hib)
- total number of doses
- when is 1st dose given
- 2 or 3 doses Hib primary series and a booster dose
- 2 months
What does Hib cause
prior to vaccine, Hib disease was the leading cause of bacterial meningitis in children under 5
contraindications of Hib vaccine
- age less than 6 months
inactivated poliovirus (IPV)
- total # in series
- age of first dose
- series of 4 vaccines
- 2 months
contraindications to administering IPV
anaphylactic rxn to neomycin; streptomycin; polymyxin B
pneumococcal conjugate PCV 13
- total # in series
- age of first dose
- series of 4
- 2 months
when is pneumococcal polysaccharide (PPSV23) given
high risk kids ages > 2
- PCV13 + PPSV 23
- protects against 23 types of pneumococcal bacteria
streptococcus pneumoniae is the leading cause of what
bacterial meningitis; hits children under age 1 the hardest
What vaccines are given as live-attenuated
MMR; Rotavirus; varicella; MMRV; FluMist
Rotavirus
- total # of doses
- age of first dose
- series of 2 (Rotarix) or 3 (RotaTeq)
- 2 months
what is the difference between Rotarix and RotaTeq
Rotarix contains latex and those with severe latex reaction can’t take it
contraindications of Rotavirus
- SCID (severe combined immunodeficiency)
- severe latex allergy (Rotarix)
- h/o of intussusception
- acute moderate to severe gastroenteritis
- altered immunocompetence
hepatitis A vaccine (HAV)
- total # of doses
- When is 1st dose given
- 2 dose series
- initiate at 12-23 months
HAV series is seperated by how many months
6-18 months
contraindications to administer HAV
severe allergy to latex
MMR (measels, mumps, rubella)
- total # of doses
- when is 1st dose given; when is the final dose given
- 2 dose series (live vaccine)
- 12-15 months
- 4-6 years
contraindications to MMR and Varicella and MMRV
- pregnancy
- anaphylactic rxn to neomycin or gelatin
Varicella
- total # of doses
- When is 1st dose given; when is the final dose given
- 2 dose series
- 12-15 months
- 4-6 yrs
MMRV vaccine
- total # of doses
- when is the 1st and final dose given
- 2 dose series (live)
- 12-15 months
- 4-6 years
Meningococcal vaccines (Menactra)
- total # of doses
- When is the first dose given
- when is the booster dose given
- 2 dose
- first dose: 11-12 yrs
- booster: 16 yrs old
who is high risk for meningococcal disease? when can they get the menactra vaccine
functional or anatomic asplenia, travelers to countries where meningococcal disease is epidemic; community outbreak; first year college students
2 months - 10 years
Serogroup B meningococaal (Men B)
- total # of doses
- indications:
- 2 or 3 dose series
- greater or equal to 10 yrs old who are at increased risk of Serogroup B (complement dificiencies; asplenia; disease outbreak)
contraindications: meningococcal vaccines
- hx of severe allergic rxn to any component of vaccine including diphtheria or tetanus toxoid
- latex allergy
HPV vaccine is broken down into 2 vaccines: name them and the serotypes they cover
Cervarix (2vHPV): serotypes 16 and 18
Gardasil (4vHPV and 9vHPV*): serotypes 6, 11, 16 and 18 + 5 more
HPV
- total # of doses
- age when 1st dose is given
- series of 3
- 11-12 years of age
contraindications to HPV
pregnancy
inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV)
- indications
- annually for everyone age > or = 6 months
children aged 6 months - 8 years require how many doses of flu vaccine during thier first season of vaccination?
2 doses ( > or = to 4 weeks apart)
list those who should definitely get IIV
- children 6-59 months
- pregnancy
- chronic disease
- immunosuppression
- household contacts of very young or very old
contraindications and precautins to IIV
- severe allergy to vaccine component (abx; gelatin; latex)
- Guillain Barre Syndrome (precautin)
- hx of egg allergy *
Live intranasal influenza vaccine (fluMist)
- age of first dose
> 2 yrs or less than 49 years
contraindications to FluMist
- hx of hypersensitivity to egg/egg protein
- ages 2-4 who have asthma, wheezing episode within the past 12 months
- ages 2-17 on ASA
- pregnant
uncommon/very rare adverse rxns to vaccines
- anaphylaxis - sz - inconsolable crying for > 3 hrs - fever > 105
