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PHM 704 Pediatrics and Geriatrics > Immunizations > Flashcards

Immunizations Flashcards

1
Q

Influenza vaccines available

A

IIV4, RIV4 or LAIV4

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2
Q

Influenza recommended ages

A

> 6 months (IIV4)
18 years (RIV4)
2 to 49 years (LAIV4)

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3
Q

Influenza dosing

A

1 dose annually during September/October
Children 6 months through 8 years who have only received one or no lifetime doses require 2 doses >4 weeks apart

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4
Q

Influenza efficacy

A

~50%, reduces symptomatic illness, medical visits, hospitalization, and death.
Immunity delayed 2 weeks after vaccination

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5
Q

Influenza contraindications

A

IIV4 and LAIV: h/o anaphylaxis
LAIV4 ONLY: Pregnancy, immunocompromise, children aged 2-4 yo w/ asthma, children/adolescents treated w/ aspirin/salicylates (risk of Reye syndrome), treatment with influenza antivirals within past 48 hours

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6
Q

Why is influenza vaccine modified annually?

A

Antigenic drift

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7
Q

What is antigenic drift

A

Gradual protein changes

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8
Q

What is antigenic shift

A

Drastic protein changes

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9
Q

Can you get the flu vaccine with an egg allergy

A

Heck yeah, get the cell-cultured or recombinant

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10
Q

COVID-19 vaccines available

A

Pfizer (COMIRNATY)
Moderna (SPIKEVAX)
Novavax

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11
Q

Recommended ages

A

Pfizer: 6 mo - 4 yo = yellow cap, 5 -11 yo = blue cap, 12+ yo = grey cap
Moderna: 6 mo - 11 yo = green label, 12+ yo = blue label
Novavax: 12+ yo = syringe

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12
Q

COVID-19 vaccine dosing

A

See dosing chart in notes

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13
Q

COVID vaccine efficacy

A

~90%

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14
Q

COVID-19 Contraindications

A

h/o anaphylaxis or an immediate allergic reaction to vaccine ingredients, including PEG

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15
Q

COVID-19 vaccine ADRs

A

Myocarditis and pericarditis (rare), most common in adolescents and young adult males. Mainly injection site reactions (pain, fever, fatigue).

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16
Q

Pneumococccal vaccines available

A

PCV15, PCV20, PPSV23

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17
Q

Pneumococcal recommended ages

A

PCV: >/= 6 weeks
PPSV: >/=2 years

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18
Q

Pneumococcal ADRs

A

Rare: febrile seizures in children when administered with IIV

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19
Q

Pneumococcal vaccine special considerations

A

Patients with asplenia are at a higher risk for invasive pneumococcal disease and require vaccination
When administering PCV15 and PPSV23, do the PCV15 first.

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20
Q

Tdap/DTaP contraindications

A

h/o anaphylaxis to the vaccine/components
*may contain latex, yeast, neomycin, polymyxin B, streptomycin
Encephalopathy of unidentified cause <7 days after vaccination with DTaP/Tdap

21
Q

Tdap/DTaP Special considerations

A

Tdap is recommended every pregnancy in the early 3rd trimester (27-36 weeks)

22
Q

Hepatitis A Contraindications

A

h/o anaphylaxis to the vaccine/components. Havrix and Vaqta have neomycin and pre-filled syringes contain latex
Twinrix contains yeast and neomycin

23
Q

mRNA vaccines

A

Pfizer/Moderna COVID-19

24
Q

Inactivated vaccines

A

HepA
IIV4
Pertussis
IPV

25
Recombinant vaccines
Novavax HepB HPV Zoster
26
Conjugated vaccines
Hib Meningiococcal PCV15 and PCV20
27
Polysaccharide vaccines
PPSV23
28
Toxoid vaccines
Tetanus and diphtheria
29
Live-attenuated vaccines
LAIV4 MMR Rotavirus Varicella
30
Ultracold freezer vaccine
Pfizer COVID-19
31
Freezer vaccines
Moderna COVID-19 MMR-II MMRV Varicella
32
Room temp vaccines
Pfizer COVID-19 Moderna COVID-19 MMR Priorix
33
Vaccines to protect from light
Novavax LAIV4 MMR-II MMR Priorix MMRV Zoster
34
Vaccines given SQ
PPSV23 IPV MMR MMRV Varicella
35
Vaccine administered intranasally
LAIV4
36
Vaccine administered orally
Rotavirus
37
DTap-IPV vaccine
Kinrix Quadracel
38
DTaP-IPV-Hib vaccine
Pentacel
39
DTaP-IPV-HepB vaccine
Pediarix
40
DTaP-IPV-Hib-HepB vaccine
Vaxelis
41
HepA-HepB vaccine
Twinrix
42
MMRV vaccine
ProQuad
43
Meningococcal ABCWY vaccine
Penbraya
44
HepB vaccine contraindications
h/o anaphylaxis to the vaccine or its components like latex. Twinrix: yeast and neomycin Pediarix: neomycin and polymyxin B Vaxelis: neomycin, polymyxin B, streptomycin
45
HPV vaccine dosing
2 doses age 9-14 years 3 doses age 15-49 years, or if immunocompromised
46
HPV contraindications
h/o anaphylaxis and during pregnancy
47
MMRV special considerations
Live attenuated viruses must be given on the same day or at least 4 weeks apart Delay TST for 4 weeks unless given ont he same day Administer separately for 12-15 month dose
48
Rotavirus vs RotaTeq
Rotarix: 2 doses RotaTeq: 3 doses Rotarix has latex in oral applicator

PHM 704 Pediatrics and Geriatrics (21 decks)

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