Immunity to Microorganism

Question 1

Innate immunity components

Answer 1

Skin, pH barriers, Flushing, Lysozyme, Phagocytes, Complement

Question 2

Bacteria’s virulence factors to defeat innate host defense

Answer 2

ability to survive in acid environment, production of spreading factors, production of toxins that inhibit or kill immune cells, presence of antiphagocytic capsule, proteins that binds and blocks opsonizing action of IgG, other antiphagocytic factors

Question 3

antibody can

Answer 3

prevent attachment, trigger complement for increased opsonization/lysis, bind to antiphagocytic proteins or capsules, neutralize toxins, neutralize spreading factors

Question 4

facultative intracellular parasites

Answer 4

organisms that can survive in the phagocyte. need activated macrophages to kill these. may need cytotoxic cell to kill macrophage so activated macrophage can kill released bacteria.

Question 5

immunity to parasites

Answer 5

T cells activate macrophages that kill many different parasites

Question 6

how parasites escape the immune response

Answer 6

inaccessibility, avoidance of recognition, immunosuppression

Question 7

immunity to viruses

Answer 7

antibodies can neutralize viruses, cytotoxic t cells, interferons can activate macrophages to kill infected cells