Immunity and specific Ressitance

Question 1

what is specific resistance?

Answer 1

the body’s defense against specific invading pathogens

Question 2

What does the term specificity mean in relation to specific resistance?

Answer 2

each invading agent is recognised as being different from

Question 3

what does the term Memory mean in relation to specific resistance?

Answer 3

a second response is faster and greater than the first response and the eventually the symptoms of the disease are no longer seen

Question 4

How does specific resistance work

Answer 4

invading agents (antigens) are recognised as being non self, by identity markers in the cell membrane. either T or B cells (lymphocytes) attack/ neutralize the invaders

Question 5

Where do B cells develop

Answer 5

• in the red bone marrow

Question 6

How do B cells work

Answer 6

• once stimulated by an antigen , they clone and become plasma cells which produce antibodies known as immunoglobulins (Ig), which neutralise antigen = humoral response

Question 7

What are the five classes of antibodies

Answer 7

IgG (main antibody and able to cross placenta),
IgA (secretory),
IgM ( released into plasma, indicates current infection),
IgE ( associated with allergies and parasitic infections)
IgD (attached to b cells and acts as an antigen receptor)

Question 8

where do T cells develop

Answer 8

they start to develop in the bone marrow then migrate to the thymus to complete the development

Question 9

What do T cells do?

Answer 9

• they are involved in cell mediated immunity
• can become cytotoxic T cells that directly attack the invading antigen
• or can become helper T cells that help both antibody mediated and cell mediated responses

Question 10

What is an auto immune response?

Answer 10

when the body fails to recognise “self” from “non-self” the immune system will attack its own tissues