Immunisation

Question 1

Give three types of immunisation and examples of each

Answer 1

Live attenuated - measles, mumps, rubella, poliomyelitis
Inactivated organisms - pertussis, whole cell typhoid
Components of organisms - influenza, diphtheria, tetanus - toxoid

Question 2

What is Diphtheria?

What organism causes it?

Answer 2

URTI characterized by sore throat, low grade fever

Caused by aerobic gram-positive bacterium Corynebacterium diphtheriae

Question 3

What is TB?

Answer 3

Bacterial infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Question 4

Give 5 diseases that you might need to be vaccinated against for travel

Answer 4

Yellow Fever
Cholera
Rabies
Hepatitis
Typhoid

Malaria?

Question 5

In terms of disease define

• Elimination
• Eradication
• Extinction

Answer 5

Elimination of disease:Reduction to zero of the incidence of a specified disease in a defined geographical area as a result of deliberate efforts; continued intervention measures are required. Example: neonatal tetanus.
Eradication:Permanent reduction to zero of the worldwide incidence of infection caused by a specific agent as a result of deliberate efforts; intervention measures are no longer needed. Example: smallpox.
Extinction:The specific infectious agent no longer exists in nature or in the laboratory. Example: none.

Question 6

How many jabs does a child get at 2 months? Which vaccines are in these?

Answer 6

2 months - three jabs + one oral liquid

• DTap/IPV/Hib -> 5 in 1 vaccine
• Pneumococcal (PCV) -> one injection
• Rotavirus -> oral liquid
• Men B -> one injection

Question 7

How many jabs does a child get at 3 months? Which vaccines are in these?

Answer 7

3 months – one jab + one oral liquid

• DTaP/IPV/Hib -> 5 in 1 vaccine
• Rotavirus -> oral liquid

Question 8

How many jabs does a child get at 4 months? Which vaccines are in these?

Answer 8

4 months – three injections

• DTaP/IPV/Hib -> 5 in 1 vaccine
• PCV -> one injection, second dose
• Men B vaccine -> one injection, 2nd dose

Question 9

How many jabs does a child get at 12-13 months? Which vaccines are in these?

Answer 9

12-13 months (around 1st birthday) – four jabs

• Hib/Men C -> one injection, booster
• PCV -> one injection, third dose
• Measles, mumps, rubella (MMR) -> one injection
• Men B -> one injection, third dose

Question 10

How many jabs does a child get at 3 years four months? Which vaccines are in these?

Answer 10

3 years + 4 months – two jabs

• Diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis and polio (DTaP/IPV) -> 4 in 1 injection, pre-school booster
• MMR -> one injection, second dose

Question 11

Which jab do girls aged 12-13 get?

Answer 11

Human papilloma virus (HPV) – two injections

Question 12

Which jabs do you get at 14 years old?

Answer 12

14 years old – two jabs

• DTa, IPV -> 3 in 1 teenage booster
• Men ACWY -> single injection

Question 13

Which jabs do you get at 65 years old?

Answer 13

• Pneumococcal (PPV) vaccine

- Flu vaccine – every year

Question 14

What do you get diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis?

Answer 14

2 months 
3 months 
4 months 
3 years + 4 months
Aged 14 - diphtheria and tetanus

Question 15

When do you get the inactivated polio vaccine?

Answer 15

2 months 
3 months 
4 months 
3 years + 4 months 
14 years

Question 16

When do you get haemophilus B vaccine?

Answer 16

2 months
3 months
4 months
1 year

Question 17

When do you get pneumococcal vaccine?

Answer 17

2 months
4 months
1 year

Question 18

When do you get rotavirus vaccine?

Answer 18

2 months

3 months

Question 19

When do you get men B vaccine?

Answer 19

2 months
4 months
1 year

Question 20

When do you get men C vaccine?

Answer 20

1 year

Question 21

When do you get MMR?

Answer 21

1 year

3 years + 4 months

Question 22

When do you get men ACWY?

Answer 22

14 years