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immunemodulating drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Prednisolone MoA

A

Inhibits phospholipase A2 hence blocks arachidonic acid, reduces prostaglandin
synthesis inhibits phagocyte trafficking, phagocytosis and release of proteolytic
enzymes, lymphopenia, promotes apoptosis, blocks cytokine gene expression,
decreased Ab production

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2
Q

Cyclophosphamide MoA

A

Alkylates guanine base of DNA, Damages DNA and prevents cell replication, Affects B cells > T cells, but at high doses affects all
cells with high turnover

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3
Q

Cyclophosphamide Indication

A

Connective tissue disease, vasculitis, anticancer agent

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4
Q

Mycophenolate

Mofetil MoA

A

Inhibits IM PDH prevents guanine synthesis Blocks de novo nucleotide synthesis –
prevents replication of DNA, Prevents T>B cell proliferation

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5
Q

Mycophenolate Mofetil Indication

A

Transplantation, autoimmune diseases, vasculitis

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6
Q

Azathiprine MoA

A

Antimetabolite agent
Metabolised by liver to 6 mercaptopurine, blocks de novo purine (eg adenine, guanine) synthesis – prevents replication of DNA, preferentially inhibits T cell activation & proliferation

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7
Q

Azathioprine Indication

A

Transplantation, Autoimmune disease, Autoinflammatory diseases

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8
Q

Methotrexate MoA

A

Inhibits dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) therefore decreases DNA synthesis

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9
Q

Methotrexate indication

A

RA, Psoriasis, Crohn’s,
used in chemotherapy
and as an abortifacient

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10
Q

Plasmapherisis MoA

A

aim - removal of pathogenic antibody; Plasma treated to remove immunoglobulins and then reinfused (or replaced with albumin
in ‘plasma exchange’)

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11
Q

Plasmpaherisis Indication

A

Severe antibodymediated disease (Goodpastures syndrome, myasthenia gravis, vascular rejection)
Antibody mediated rejection

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12
Q

Tacrolimus MoA

A

inhibits calcineurin which normally activates transcription of IL-2, hence reduces T cell proliferaion

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13
Q

Tacrolimus Indication

A

Rejection prophylaxis in transplantation

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14
Q

Cyclosporin MoA

A

inhibits calcineurin which normally activates transcription of IL-2, hence reduces T cell proliferaion

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15
Q

Cyclosprin Indication

A

Rejection prophylaxis in transplantation

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16
Q

Sirolimus MoA

A

Blocks clonal proliferation of Tcells

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17
Q

Sirolimus Indication

A

Rejection prophylaxis in transplantation

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18
Q

Tofacitinib MoA

A

JAK inhibitor

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19
Q

Tofacitinib Indication

A

Rheumatoid arthritis

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20
Q

Apremilast MoA

A

PDE4 inhibitor

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21
Q

Apremilast Indication

A

Psoraisis, Psoriatic arthritis

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22
Q

Basiliximab MoA

A 
Anti CD25 (alpha chain of IL-2 receptor),
inhibits T cell proliferation
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23
Q

Basiliximab Indication

A

Allograft rejection

24
Q

Abatacept MoA

A

Anti-CTLA4-Ig, reduces T cell activation

25
Q

Abatacept Indicatoin

A

Rheumatoid arthritis

26
Q

Rituximab MoA

A

Anti-CD20, depletes mature B cells (not plasma cells)

27
Q

Rituximab Indication

A

Lymphoma, rheumatoid

arthritis, SLE

28
Q

Natalizumab MoA

A

Anti-alpha4 integrin (binds to VCAM1 and MadCAM1 to mediate rolling/arrest of leukocytes), inhibits T cell migration

29
Q

Natalizumab Indication

A

Relapsing-remitting MS,

Crohn’s disease

30
Q

Tocilizumab MoA

A

Anti-IL-6 receptor, Reduces macrophage, T cell, B cell, neutrophil activation

31
Q

Tocilizumab Indication

A

Castleman’s disease,

Rheumatoid arthritis

32
Q

Muromonab-CD3 MoA

A

Blocks CD3 on T cells, mouse monoclonal antibody (OKT3)

33
Q

Muromonab CD3 Indication

A

Active allograft transplant rejection

34
Q

Anti-thymocyte

globulin (ATG) MoA

A

Lymphocyte depletion, Modulation of T cell activation and migration

35
Q

Anti-thymocyte
globulin (ATG)
Indication

A

allograft rejection (renal, heart)

36
Q

Daclizumab MoA

A

IL-2 receptor antibody, targets CD25

37
Q

Daclizumab Indication

A

Organ transplant rejection prophylaxis

38
Q

Efalizumab MoA

A

Anti-CDIIa, inhibits migration of T cells

39
Q

Alemtuzumab (Campath) MoA

A

Monoclonal antibody that binds to CD52 found on lymphocytes resulting in depletion

40
Q

Alemtuzumab (Campath) Indication

A

Chronic lymphoid leukaemia, MS

41
Q

Infliximab MoA

A

anti-TNFa

42
Q

Infliximab Indication

A

Rheumatoid arthritis,
Ankylosing spondylitis,
Psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, Inflammatory bowel disease

43
Q

Adalimumab (fully
human monoclonal
antibody) MoA

A

anti-TNFa

44
Q

Adalimumab (fully
human monoclonal
antibody) indication

A

Rheumatoid arthritis,
Ankylosing spondylitis,
Psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, Inflammatory bowel disease

45
Q

Certolizumab MoA

A

anti-TNFa

46
Q

Certolizumab indication

A

Rheumatoid arthritis,
Ankylosing spondylitis,
Psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, Inflammatory bowel disease

47
Q

Golimumab MoA

A

anti-TNFa

48
Q

Golimumab Indication

A

Rheumatoid arthritis,
Ankylosing spondylitis,
Psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, Inflammatory bowel disease

49
Q

Etanercept MoA

A

TNFalpha/TNFbeta receptor p75-IgG fusion protein

50
Q

Etanercept Indication

A

Rheumatoid arthritis,
Ankylosing spondylitis,
Psoriasis and psoriatic
arthritis

51
Q

Ustekinumab MoA

A

anti-IL-12 and IL-23 (binds to p40 subunit)

52
Q

Ustekinumab Indication

A

psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis

53
Q

Secukinumab MoA

A

anti IL 17A

54
Q

Secukinumab Indication

A

psoriasis, psoriatic
arthritis, ankylosing
spondylitis

55
Q

Denosumab MoA

A

anti-RANK ligand antibody, Inhibits RANK
mediated osteoclast differentiation and
function

56
Q

Denosumab Indication

A

Osteoporosis, multiple
myeloma, bone
metastases

57
Q

Bortezomib Indication

A

MM, amyloidosis

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