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immunemodulating drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Prednisolone MoA

A

Inhibits phospholipase A2 hence blocks arachidonic acid, reduces prostaglandin
synthesis inhibits phagocyte trafficking, phagocytosis and release of proteolytic
enzymes, lymphopenia, promotes apoptosis, blocks cytokine gene expression,
decreased Ab production

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2
Q

Cyclophosphamide MoA

A

Alkylates guanine base of DNA, Damages DNA and prevents cell replication, Affects B cells > T cells, but at high doses affects all
cells with high turnover

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3
Q

Cyclophosphamide Indication

A

Connective tissue disease, vasculitis, anticancer agent

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4
Q

Mycophenolate

Mofetil MoA

A

Inhibits IM PDH prevents guanine synthesis Blocks de novo nucleotide synthesis –
prevents replication of DNA, Prevents T>B cell proliferation

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5
Q

Mycophenolate Mofetil Indication

A

Transplantation, autoimmune diseases, vasculitis

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6
Q

Azathiprine MoA

A

Antimetabolite agent
Metabolised by liver to 6 mercaptopurine, blocks de novo purine (eg adenine, guanine) synthesis – prevents replication of DNA, preferentially inhibits T cell activation & proliferation

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7
Q

Azathioprine Indication

A

Transplantation, Autoimmune disease, Autoinflammatory diseases

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8
Q

Methotrexate MoA

A

Inhibits dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) therefore decreases DNA synthesis

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9
Q

Methotrexate indication

A

RA, Psoriasis, Crohn’s,
used in chemotherapy
and as an abortifacient

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10
Q

Plasmapherisis MoA

A

aim - removal of pathogenic antibody; Plasma treated to remove immunoglobulins and then reinfused (or replaced with albumin
in ‘plasma exchange’)

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11
Q

Plasmpaherisis Indication

A

Severe antibodymediated disease (Goodpastures syndrome, myasthenia gravis, vascular rejection)
Antibody mediated rejection

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12
Q

Tacrolimus MoA

A

inhibits calcineurin which normally activates transcription of IL-2, hence reduces T cell proliferaion

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13
Q

Tacrolimus Indication

A

Rejection prophylaxis in transplantation

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14
Q

Cyclosporin MoA

A

inhibits calcineurin which normally activates transcription of IL-2, hence reduces T cell proliferaion

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15
Q

Cyclosprin Indication

A

Rejection prophylaxis in transplantation

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16
Q

Sirolimus MoA

A

Blocks clonal proliferation of Tcells

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17
Q

Sirolimus Indication

A

Rejection prophylaxis in transplantation

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18
Q

Tofacitinib MoA

A

JAK inhibitor

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19
Q

Tofacitinib Indication

A

Rheumatoid arthritis

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20
Q

Apremilast MoA

A

PDE4 inhibitor

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21
Q

Apremilast Indication

A

Psoraisis, Psoriatic arthritis

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22
Q

Basiliximab MoA

A 
Anti CD25 (alpha chain of IL-2 receptor),
inhibits T cell proliferation
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23
Q

Basiliximab Indication

A

Allograft rejection

24
Q

Abatacept MoA

A

Anti-CTLA4-Ig, reduces T cell activation

25
Abatacept Indicatoin
Rheumatoid arthritis
26
Rituximab MoA
Anti-CD20, depletes mature B cells (not plasma cells)
27
Rituximab Indication
Lymphoma, rheumatoid | arthritis, SLE
28
Natalizumab MoA
Anti-alpha4 integrin (binds to VCAM1 and MadCAM1 to mediate rolling/arrest of leukocytes), inhibits T cell migration
29
Natalizumab Indication
Relapsing-remitting MS, | Crohn's disease
30
Tocilizumab MoA
Anti-IL-6 receptor, Reduces macrophage, T cell, B cell, neutrophil activation
31
Tocilizumab Indication
Castleman’s disease, | Rheumatoid arthritis
32
Muromonab-CD3 MoA
Blocks CD3 on T cells, mouse monoclonal antibody (OKT3)
33
Muromonab CD3 Indication
Active allograft transplant rejection
34
Anti-thymocyte | globulin (ATG) MoA
Lymphocyte depletion, Modulation of T cell activation and migration
35
Anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) Indication
allograft rejection (renal, heart)
36
Daclizumab MoA
IL-2 receptor antibody, targets CD25
37
Daclizumab Indication
Organ transplant rejection prophylaxis
38
Efalizumab MoA
Anti-CDIIa, inhibits migration of T cells
39
Alemtuzumab (Campath) MoA
Monoclonal antibody that binds to CD52 found on lymphocytes resulting in depletion
40
Alemtuzumab (Campath) Indication
Chronic lymphoid leukaemia, MS
41
Infliximab MoA
anti-TNFa
42
Infliximab Indication
Rheumatoid arthritis, Ankylosing spondylitis, Psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, Inflammatory bowel disease
43
Adalimumab (fully human monoclonal antibody) MoA
anti-TNFa
44
Adalimumab (fully human monoclonal antibody) indication
Rheumatoid arthritis, Ankylosing spondylitis, Psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, Inflammatory bowel disease
45
Certolizumab MoA
anti-TNFa
46
Certolizumab indication
Rheumatoid arthritis, Ankylosing spondylitis, Psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, Inflammatory bowel disease
47
Golimumab MoA
anti-TNFa
48
Golimumab Indication
Rheumatoid arthritis, Ankylosing spondylitis, Psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, Inflammatory bowel disease
49
Etanercept MoA
TNFalpha/TNFbeta receptor p75-IgG fusion protein
50
Etanercept Indication
Rheumatoid arthritis, Ankylosing spondylitis, Psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis
51
Ustekinumab MoA
anti-IL-12 and IL-23 (binds to p40 subunit)
52
Ustekinumab Indication
psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis
53
Secukinumab MoA
anti IL 17A
54
Secukinumab Indication
psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis
55
Denosumab MoA
anti-RANK ligand antibody, Inhibits RANK mediated osteoclast differentiation and function
56
Denosumab Indication
Osteoporosis, multiple myeloma, bone metastases
57
Bortezomib Indication
MM, amyloidosis

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