Immune Systen Basics

Question 1

A surface protein that on a pathogen or allergen that when introduced in the blood, triggers an immune system response.

Answer 1

antigen

Question 2

Y-shaped protein that is made by b-cells and binds to a specific antigen

Answer 2

antibody

Question 3

Medications used to treat bacterial infections.

Answer 3

antibiotics

Question 4

An organism that causes disease

Answer 4

pathogen

Question 5

white blood cell produced by bone marrow to fight infections (can be specific and non-specific)

Answer 5

leukocyte

Question 6

process in which a type of leukocyte engulfs and breaks down pathogens or debris.

Answer 6

Phagocytosis

Question 7

A type of leukocyte that responds to a specific pathogen (activated as part of the third line of defense).

Answer 7

Lymphocytes

Question 8

Type of lymphocyte that produces antibodies

Answer 8

B Cell

Question 9

a lymphocyte that identifies pathogens and distinguishes one pathogen from another.

Answer 9

T Cell

Question 10

a lymphocyte that fights infections by destroying cells infected by viruses (apoptosis).

Answer 10

T Cell

Question 11

a lymphocyte that activates B Cells

Answer 11

T Cell

Question 12

B and T Cells that remember a specific pathogen after an infection is over and thus provides immunity to the pathogen.

Answer 12

Memory Cell

Question 13

ability to resist a pathogen due to memory lymphocytes and antibodies to the antigens the pathogen carries.

Answer 13

Immunity

Question 14

The deliberate exposure of a pathogen in order to provoke an immune response and to produce memory cells.

Answer 14

Immunization

Question 15

a type of pathogen that is a very small, unicellular prokaryote that multiples by cell division and can come in spiral, spherical, or rod shapes.

Answer 15

Bacteria

Question 16

a type of pathogen that is extremely small and can only survive and replicate by taking over a living cell.

Answer 16

Virus

Question 17

a type of pathogen that is a parasitic worm and can attach to the intestines, blood, or body tissues.

Answer 17

Helminth

Question 18

unicellular eukaryotes that are capable of rapid movement and can be pathogenic

Answer 18

Protozoa

Question 19

unicellular and multicellular eukaryotes that have a cell wall made of chitin and thrive in damp dark places.

Answer 19

Fungi

Question 20

In this line of defense the immune system uses barriers like skin, mucus membranes, saliva, and good bacteria to prevent pathogens from infecting the body.

Answer 20

First

Question 21

These lines of defense are both considered non-specific because they react the same way no matter which pathogen they encounter.

Answer 21

First and Second

Question 22

In this line of defense non-specific phagocytes engulf and destroy infected cells.

Answer 22

Second

Question 23

This line of defense is also called the inflammatory response.

Answer 23

Second

Question 24

This line of defense is when histamines trigger blood vessels to dilate and leak fluids and leukocytes in to surrounding tissues.

Answer 24

Second

Question 25

This line of defense includes swelling, redness, increased heat and sometimes a fever.

Answer 25

Second

Question 26

This line of defense is considered specific because it can target its response to destroy a particular pathogen.

Answer 26

Third

Question 27

In this line of defense t cell trigger b cells to produce antibodies.

Answer 27

Third

Question 28

In this line of defense antibodies mark cells for destruction and can also prevent pathogens from attaching to healthy cells.

Answer 28

Third

Question 29

In this line of defense your immune system stores memory cells after an initial infection so its better equipped to fight of a subsequent infection.

Answer 29

Third

Question 30

In this line of defense T cells identify a specific pathogen based on its antigens and then multiple and through phagocytosis destroy infected cells.

Answer 30

Third