Immune System (Innate Defenses) Flashcards
Self Not Self (Explain it)
Body’s ability to distinguish its own cells from foreign invaders
Why is “Self not self” key for auto immune diseases?
if body could not distinguish itself from things that are not itself, it would attack its own cells (attack itself)
pathogens (define)
harmful or potentially harmful micro orgs that come in body and can cause disease
The 5 classes of pathogens
Virus,
bacteria,
fungi,
parasite,
protozoa
Innate Defenses (aka and function)
Aka - Non specific
* Not specific when attacking as long is its not “self”. if the micro org is not “self”, innate defenses kill it (not specific)
The 2 sub categories of the innate defenses
Surface Barriers
Mucous Membranes
Surface Barrier *
- To prevent pathogens from getting into the body
Which line of defense is Surface Barriers
1st line of defense
Location of Surface Barriers
Outside the body
What are the 2 surface barriers
- Skin and mucus membranes
Skin’s defenses
Must be dry. must be intact.
Keratin - resists pathogens, bacteria
Skin is acidic (sweat, sebum)
Keratin Location and tissue type
located on the Stratum Corneum of skin. (multiple outer layers)
Mucous Membrane
barriers that line all body cavities that open to the outside of the body (mouth, anus, vagina, nose)
Mucous Membrane (be kept wet or dry?)
Need to be kept wet. if dry they can dry, crack and create a portal of entry
Mucous Membrane Chemicals (4) and where in body found
- Acid - Skin, vagina,
- Enzymes - (Protein Digestive Enzymes/ Hydrochlr Acid) - Stomach
- Mucin - Mucus / Cilia - Respiratory/ Digestive tract
- Lysosomes - (Lysis) Tears , Saliva
Hydrochloric Acid
Made in Stomach
Acid mantle
Acidity of Skin, Vagina, Stomach Secretions
Lysosomes *
Breakdown pathogen cell walls (Lysis - destroy/breakdown)
Exudate
def & 2*
Protein rich fluid w/ clotting factors & antibodies
Fluid of Capillary Permeability in Inflam process
*washes pathogens into lymph vessels
*Clotting factors wall off injury area to facilitate repair
Toll like receptors
- recognize Pathogen Associated Molecular Patterns (PAMPS)
*SIgnal the inflammatory chemicals that begin the inflam process
Cilia (Loc and *)
Hair like projections that propel pathogen filled mucus out of nasal and respiratory passages
(of External Barriers)
Defensins
Anti-microbial proteins that increase in response to inflammation
