Immune System Anatomy Flashcards
Immune System
bodies defense network against any disease-causing microorganisms
- composed of: various organs, cells, enzymes, and hormones
- two levels of protection against bacteria, viruses, parasites and cancer
a. integumentary system-blood cells, hair and fluids
b. bodies complex mechanism to produce antibodies against particular pathogens
Main function of Immune System
prevent or decrease risk of various infections
-it also has a system to identify differentiates between normal, healthy cells, and unhealthy cells
Innate Immunity
- general immunity
- skin, hair, sebum saliva, neutrophils, monocytes and other enzymes that defect and destroy pathogens (first line of defense)
- important since bacteria and viruses multiply quickly
- directs , activates and instructs (regulates inflammation and maintains equilibrium among immune system) compares of the adaptive immune system
Adaptive Immunity
- when innate is breached and functions by learning the pathogen and then developing immunity against it
- recognize and destroy substance when it interprets as foreign and harmful
- continually refined and adjusted through out lifetime
Antigen
boy form of an outsider protein
Types of White Blood Cells
Lymphocyte
- T lymphocytes (T-Cells)
- B lymphocytes (B-Cells)
Granulocytes…neutrophils
- most prevalent
- respond to bacterial infections by engulfing bacteria through process of phagocytosis (phagocytes)
Granulocytes…Eosinophils
- predominantly involved in allergic reactions
- help fight parasitic infections
Granulocytes…Basophils
- involved in inflammation
- rarest
- releasing-histamine, heparin
White Blood Cells
- defend against infection and foreign invaders
- blood system help in continuously circulating immune cells throughout the body
Agranulocytes…lymphocytes
- produce antibodies against foreign particles like microorganisms, drugs, cancerous cells, and cells from transplanted organs
- > T-Cells: participate in cell-mediate immune response against bacterial and viral infections
- > B-Cells: produce antibodies (mature in bone-work to destroy future infections when recognized- marrow
Agranulocyes…monocytes
- phagocytic cells
- engulf and digest damaged cells and pathogens
Antibodies
- bind w. pathogens to deactivate or tag them to be destroyed by specific WBC
- helps in providing future protection from infection
Tonsils
- massive lymphedema tissue near back of throat
- store lymphocytes and release them to fight infection
Lymphatic System
- network of vessels that carry lymphedema
- thymus gland and lymph nodes carried throughout lymphatic system and stored in lymph nodes
- network transports excess fluid from tissues back to circulatory system, etc. filter bacteria, emergency revisor of blood.
