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Blood Vessels > Immune System > Flashcards

Immune System Flashcards

1
Q

Already ready to fight

A

Innate

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2
Q

Gets better at fighting over time

A

Adaptive

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3
Q

Skin better at keeping pathogens out

A

Innate defenses

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4
Q

Macrorgansims takes up space on skin by pathogenic flora

A

Innate defenses

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5
Q

Getting rid of it Hurts us

A

Microbiome

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6
Q

Present in wet entries to our body

A

Mucosa

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7
Q

Still have a layer of epidermis that acts as a physical wall

A

Additional specialized defenses

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8
Q

Digest pathogen on food

A

Avoid of stomach acid

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9
Q

Degrade pathogenic cells

A

Digestive enzymes

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10
Q

Forms a sticky trap for microorganisms in our lungs and digestive tract

A

Mucin

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11
Q

Second line of innate defenses guards against pathogens that enter deeper tissue

A

Primary static defenses

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12
Q

Phagocytosis

A

Macrophages
Neutrophil
Dendritic cell

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13
Q

After ingesting the offending pathogen

A

Phagosome

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14
Q

Containing cuasic enzymes bind with the vesicle containing the pathogen forming a phagonlusome

A

Lysosome

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15
Q

Blocking the lysosome

A

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

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16
Q

Waiting in tissue like skin and the digestive tract to ingest and destroy invaders

A

Macrophages

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17
Q

Call for backup from neutrophils in the blood

A

Cytokines

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18
Q

Degranulate release toxic granules on and around the pathogen

A

Neutrophils phagocytosis

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19
Q

Non specific methods

A

Damage other tissue

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20
Q

Present in surface tissue and can phagocytose

A

Dendritic cells

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21
Q

Best at antigen presentation through their

A

MHC-2

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22
Q

Involved in inflammatory response

A

Innate defense

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23
Q

Mast cells have bags of

A

Histamines

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24
Q

Very similar to mast cells

A

Basophils

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25
Q

Injured cells release chemical signal

A

Pro inflammatory cytokines

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26
Q

Release histamine

A

Mast cells

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27
Q

Histamine encourages

A

Vasodilation

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28
Q

Increase vascular permeability

A

Histamine

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29
Q

Encourages recruitment of more leukocytes

30
Q

Eat pathogens and tease cytokines calling for assistance

A

Macrophages

31
Q

Show how sn aid a fight

A

Neutrophils

32
Q

Made up of cell debris and neutrophils that have litterbugs eaten themselves to death

33
Q

Pathogens can’t handle wide swings In temp and Turk tip tempt o kill them enough

34
Q

Cel easily survive this range

35
Q

Part of innate defenses

36
Q

Macrophages, dendritic cell, B cells take chunks of the pathogen and attach it to there cell membrane

A

Major histocompatibility complex-2

37
Q

Also called paPc

38
Q

Protein takes up exogenous antigens

A

Major histocompatibilty complex

39
Q

Proteins that are captured floating around and presents them on surfaces

A

Exogenous antigens

40
Q

Destroy pathogens as well as inflammation and fever

A

Neutrophils and macrophages

41
Q

Immune can fight pathogens they have seen before

A

Adaptive response

42
Q

Portions of a pathogen that were destroyed after phagocytosis are attached to the Mhc-2 on surface of -

A

Professional antigen presenting cells

43
Q

B cells produce

A

Unique antibodies

44
Q

Naive B cells produce a few antibodies and attach them to their cell surface

A

Membrane bound antibodies

45
Q

Rights know you ha e the means to protect your body against a new artificial Virus

A

From the antibodies your body already has

46
Q

B cells in lymph nodes bump

Into pathogen they have a. Small chance there _ can bind with pathogens surface antigens

A

B cell receptor

47
Q

Once a B cell is activated

A

No longer naive

48
Q

It phagocytosis the pathogen and

A

Attaches the antigen to its own mhc-2

49
Q

Long term immunological memory of previyos pathogens

A

Memory B cell

50
Q

Antibody factories for this current round of infection

A

Plasma cell

51
Q

Antibodies produced by plasma cells travel through ecf and blood looking for

A

More of that pathogen antigen to bind

52
Q

In thymus T cells differentiate into 2 types

A

Helper T cells

Cytotoxic T cells(killer)

53
Q

T cells are lymphocytes and have a protein on their surface called

A

T cell receptor

54
Q

Huge amount of variety in there shape and can only bind to a small percentage of antigens

55
Q

When a Particular TCR is able to bind to an paPc, Mhc-2

A

Helper T cell is activated

56
Q

Go out and turn into an infection

A

Effector helper T cell

57
Q

Stored and enable a fast response during next infection

A

Memory helper T cells

58
Q

Bind to an antigen is activated

Ensures resources are directed to the most efficient cells

59
Q

Perform two major actions

A

Helper effector T cells

60
Q

Constantly being created on every cell of the body

61
Q

DNA or rna and the cells own genetic machinery starts to express the viral information

Creates more virus protein Peices

A

Viral infections

62
Q

Broken genes create odd new proteins

A

Cancerous cells

63
Q

Constantly presenting any protein in any cell

64
Q

The immune system checks these proteins aa weld or not slef

When a protein is aberrant the immune system targets for destruction

65
Q

Produce normal proteins and frequently scooped up by Mhc-1

A

Should not be destroyed

66
Q

Non self Protoens

A

Mhc-1 alerts that something is wrong

67
Q

Cyctoxic T cells and nk cells don’t bind with mhc-2

A

Attach to Mhc-1

68
Q

NKattach to 2 thongs

glycoproteins the stimulate the NK cell to kill suspect cell

A

Activating ligands

69
Q

NK cell attach to 2 things

doesn’t care if it presenting a normal virus or not

A

MHC-1 complexes

70
Q

they vote to kill you or not

predisposed to kill

A

natural killer

71
Q

A blend of adaptive an d innate, anotbodies bout to a pathogen increase the rate of destruction by NK cells

A

Antibody
Dependant
Cell-mediated
Cytotoxicity

Blood Vessels (4 decks)

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