Immune system Flashcards
Immune system
What are the 4 types of breast cancer
Luminal A
Luminal B
Luminal HER2
Basal-like: HR- and HER2-
What is characteristic of Lumina A
Low ki-67
Low proliferation
HER2-negative
Luminal B characteristics
ER-positive cells
high Ki-67 expression
HER2 negative and one of worst prognosis
Luminal HER2 characteristics
ER- positive cells and HER2- positive
HER2- enriched
Basal like characterstics
HR- negative
HER2 negative
described as unruly teenagers
What is prognosis adversely affected by
ER negative PR negative HER2 positive Elevated Ki-67 Higher tumor grade Lower albumin Lymphovascular invasion BRCA status
What is the most important prognostic marker for breast cancer
tumor size and presence of malignant disease in regional lymph nodes
Prognostic biomarkers of breast cancer
Vitamin D- low associated with breast cancer Circulating Tumor cells COMT- estrogen metabolites( 3 URT) IGF-1: insulin Growth Factor1- stimulate cancer cell proliferation C-peptide( insulin) Galactin-3 Cortisol function Thyroid Function Various inflammation biomarkers
What are natural breast cancer strategies
Diet: high amount fruit, veggies, poultry, fish, low fat dairy and whole grain Weight Fat intake Soy- reduce risk of breast cancer Exercise- 2.5 hours of moderate physical activity Sleep Stress management Dietary supplements
Causes of autoimmunity
stress in all forms: toxic, infectious, inflammatory, emotional and cognitive, Hormonal, GI
What percent of population have reactions to foods
20%
What are the 4 yes of food sensitivty
IgE- reaction- occurs within 2 hours of eating- release histamine
IgG or IgM- delayed hypersensitivity
Immune complex- delay hypersensitivty- days to weeks
Cell mediated delayed hypersensitvity
What is the chain reaction for food sensitivities/allergies
allergen->immune detect particle->release antibody as needed to pathogen->release histamine, photolytic enzymes or leuokotyine and cytokines-> allergic reaction
Symptoms of immediate onset allergy/sensitvity
tighten of throat, nasuea, cramps, diarrhea, anaphylaxis can happen- immune reaction will almost always provoke with single food- fixed food allergy
Tests to diagnose food allergies/sensitvities
Prick test
Intradermal test
Elimination Diet
RAST test
Types of Immunological Allergy testing
IgG testing-75% of all circulating antibodies, delayed response IgG(4)- slow occurring 24-48 hours later IgG and IgA- mediated food allergy, ALCAT Sage ELISA delayed food allergy test
What is the ALCAT test
Antigen Leukocyte Cellular Antibody Test
-look at leukocyte in whole blood
relies on one specific pathway
What is Sage ELISA test
looks at IgG and immune complexes at different levels-specifically IgG2 and 3 reactions
Most comprehensive test for delayed food reactions
What is Secratory IgA
first line of defense
lives in nose and lungs
What are defenses of SigA
non-specific
covers invasion like an orange with cloves
is only immunoglobulin that does its work without creating an systemic response
decreases body’s secretions, decrease immune defense
targets against macrophages and anything that might be harmful
Where does sigA come from
B-Lymphocytes
attaches and enters gut lumen
Peyer’s patches play a role
What are function of sigA
inhibition of adherence to pathogen
Mucus trapping
Viral neutralization
Neutralization of enzyme and toxin
Inhibition of antigen penetration into intestinal lining
Interaction with antimicrobial factors such as lactoferrin and lysozyme
Involved in oral toerlance
What are Roles of sigA
target microorganism that don’t have right identifier
prevent inflammation
maintain integrity of lining of gut barrier
What suppresses sigA
cortisol- especially bottomed out
What testing for sigA
stool test for but and saliva for mouth and throat
How to improve sigA
Vitamin A Glutamine Colostrum Sialex Gooseberry Zinc- with vitamin A and L-Glutamine tough to increase if still significant gut issues/infection
What is a virus
small in size no built in metabolic machinery no ribosomes only one type of nucleic acid- either DNA or RNA not both Do not grow in size Need a host to grow and multiply
What is CMV
Cytomegalovirus member of herpes most often transmitted to child at birth some have mono symptoms Lives dormant until immune system suppressed
What is EBV
Epstein-Barr
infects most people during their lives
mono symptoms
transmission needs contact of saliva of infected person
What is Herpes virus-1
causes cold sores
spread by social kiss
What is Herpes-2
genital herpes
spread sexual contact
painful sores in genital area
Clinical protocol for viruses?
history
evaluate primary immune function
Monolaurin-natural theraptic
What is Monolaurin
natural therapeutic for viruses
anti-viral agent found in breast milk and amniotic fluid
able to dissolve membrane of 14 different types of viruses
bypass the lipid envelope of virus and dissolves its main defense
inactivate the virus- can’t replicate and disseminate its infection throughout the body
What are predictive Biomarkers
a look at
Epigenetics- 92% choices, 8% gene expression
Metabolic
and high sensitivity biomarkers for immune function
What is part of the innate immune system?
healthy skin, nose mouth, lungs and GI tract
provides immediate defense to anything foreign, repairs and anti-cancer as able
eliminate foreign invaders before they get in
What is adaptive immune system
Natural: passive and active
Cel mediated- T cell
Antibody mediated- B Cell
What percent of immune systems have a leaky gut
75%
What signs of healthy immune system
no allergies
neutralizes infections and allergens
repairs us from daily damage and defends
Dendritic WHC recycle 50 pathogenic cells
Signs of overburdened immune system
constant defense mode repair function postponed repair deficient- inflammation chronic illness allergens provoke symtpoms
How to look for delayed hypersensitivity in immune system
Lymphocyte response: hsLRA <3#
What does LRA look at
simple ounce of blood sample- over 500 items tested
looks at ID substrate
ID common substances overburdening patients
Strong reaction-avoid for 6 months
Moderate reaction- avoid for 3 months and supplement according
what is hsLRA
looks at lymphocytes under condition
all 3 delayed in allergy path
its advanced method with very few false positive
How to repair
for chronic illness: vitamin C- Dark fruits- super foods B-methyl cofactors BioDetox High Sulfur foods Aceylenese and EPA/DHEA
How does cancer occur
when a group of cells fail to differentiate properly
What is the TH1 system
protects from immediate mutation and circulation of cancer cells
What are natural killer cells
cells supposed to kill foreign cells
NK-> activation receptor->target uses MCH1 angten and will then take out cell
What factors affect possible cancer and treating cancer
Adrenal function Hormone imbalance Nutrient Depletion Insulin Dysregulation Weight Inflammation GI health Sleep Stress
How to build immunity
Stress hardiness- adrenal, hormones and neuroendocrine Nutrition- plant based diet , vitamin C, myers, glutathione Liver detox Stress management Sleep well
Explain depression from functional medicine
Gut
oxiddative stress
HPA/hormonal disturbance
Neurotransmittter
Biomarkers to look at Depression
c-reactive protein-inflammation
Cyokines
How to explain depression from FM perspective
Cortisol- high( pain and not good sleep), Low( fatigue, hypoglycemia/hypotension)
Chronic Stress
Inflammation
Lifestyle interventions for the treatment of depression
Meditation
2x a week HIIT training
Food- ancestral diet
Foods for treatment of depression and anxiety
Ancestral diet
whole and local
plants speak to mitochondria
if have reactive hypoglycemia- increase fats
carbohydrates- moderate amount better for women
Therapeutic foods for depression
gelatin coconut oil liver turmeric curcumin- studied against prozac fermented foods
