Immune System

Question 1

What is the role of the immune system in body homeostasis

Answer 1

To protect the internal environment
/

Surrevalliance
Detection
Destruction

Question 2

What is the role of the lymphatic circulation?

Answer 2

To move the lymph nodes around

Question 3

How do bacteria and other pathogens enter the lymph?

Answer 3

They enter through the lymph nodes

Question 4

What is an Antigen? What is it made of and where is it found in the body cells? What is the significance?

Answer 4

Antigen is a specific protein on a cell, it is a signal that the cell is infected

Question 5

Location and role 
a- Lymph Nodes 
b- Tonsils 
c- Spleen 
d-bone marrow 
e-thymus

Answer 5

Lymph nodes- remove pathogens and are though out the body

Tonsils- guard against oral intake of pathogens

Spleen- recognizes and destroys pathogens in the blood

Bone marrow- where white blood cells develop

Thymus- where T lymphocytes mature and develope

Question 6

Non-specific immunities include barriers formed by the epithelial cells, in addition to skin what other barriers are there?

Answer 6

Sweat, stomach acid, mucus, epith cells are packed very tightly together

Question 7

What are macrophages? Where do you find them and what kinds of functions do they perform?

Answer 7

They track down engulf and destroy pathogens

Question 8

What secretions are antibacterial and how do they kill bacteria?

Answer 8

Silvia, tears, stomach acid

Question 9

What are some mechanical means by which the body rids itself of pathogens

Answer 9

Sneezing, coughing, pee/poo

Question 10

How do you distinguish between natural killer cells and killer T cells?

Answer 10

Natural killer cells- produce rapid responses

Killer T cells- have to be activated by lymphokines

Question 11

Name two roles of the helper T Cells

Answer 11

Cell Mediated response

Antibody mediated response

Question 12

How do killer T cells know what cells are infected cells, how do they kill the infected cell?

Answer 12

The cell displays properties of the infection, it destroys the infected cell

Question 13

Which type of specific immunity actually destroys the pathogens?

Answer 13

Cell mediated immunity

Question 14

What are antibodies? For what cell types are antibodies made and secreted what is the function

Answer 14

Antibodies are are by B-lymphocytes, they help stick pathogens together

Question 15

How does the immune system recognize and kill cancer cells

Answer 15

It recognizes the tumor as foreign

Question 16

What is a vaccine and how does it produce a specific immunity?

Answer 16

They are small amounts of a disease that lets your body create memory B cells

Question 17

One risk of vaccination?

Answer 17

You could get the full version of the disease

Question 18

What is an antibiotic and what proteins can be killed by it? What is the action of an antibiotic on a pathogen

Answer 18

Bacteria

Question 19

What defenses did the Vibrio Cholerae avoid if it was able to make it to the small intestine

Answer 19

Macrophages

Question 20

What is the action of the cholera toxin and how does it cause severe diarrhea?

Answer 20

It opens the chloride channel and caused a chain reaction where water follows the NaCl out

Question 21

How was the first cholera virus spread into Haiti, how did the first victim become infected

Answer 21

A camp of peace keeping troops from Nepal brought it with them the first outbreak started down river from them

Question 22

How does the body compensate for cholera

Answer 22

The body will lose to much water and it will take some form other places like blood and urine

Question 23

What changes in Haiti could reduce the threat of another outbreak

Answer 23

Water treatment plants, proper sewage and hygiene

Question 24

If someone with cystic fibrosis got cholera how would it affect them?

Answer 24

They would probably cancel each other out and nothing to bad would happen