Digestive System

Question 1

Distinguish between segmentation and peristalsis in which organ do each function?

Answer 1

Segmentation- both forward and backwards movement (sm intestine)

Peristalsis- wavelike smooth contraction (esophagus)

Question 2

What are major processes of digestion? Associate each with a particular organ in the alimentary canal or assessors organ secretion

Answer 2

Moth(Saliva) - Esophagus - stomach( stomach acid) - Gal-bladder and Pancreas (release bile and other chemicals)- into the sm intestine (absorption of nutrients) - lg intestine ( ablsobtuon of water) - Out the Anus

Question 3

What is the necessity of water absorption out of the large intestine into the blood?

Answer 3

So that feces is not diarrhea and so the body doesn’t loose all its water

Question 4

What is the role of HIC secretion in the stomach?

Answer 4

Stomach acid that breaks food down

Question 5

What is the consequence to digestion after one has surgery to remove there Gallbladder

Answer 5

The bile that aids digestion wouldn’t have a place to be stored, so it would just flow through into the system

Question 6

A lower than normal CCK (choleocystokinin hormone) release would be associated with what sort of issues?

Answer 6

A smaller amount of bile

Question 7

In what part of the intestinal track does actual digestion occur

Answer 7

Small intestine

Question 8

What is the structure of polysaccharides and how are these molecules digested into monomers?

Answer 8

They are a long strand that is digested through Hydrolysis

Question 9

What is the structure of triglycerides and how is it digested onto monomers

Answer 9

Large fat molecules are broken down

Question 10

What is the structure of proteins and how are the molecules digested into the monomers

Answer 10

Proteins are in random shapes and are digested by the hydrolysis

Question 11

Once the blood leaving the sm intestine what is the fate of the absorbed monomers

Answer 11

Into the liver - through the blood stream - to body cells

Question 12

Where are monomers absorbed into circulation?

Answer 12

Small intestine

Question 13

What types of substances are secreted by the pancreas and what are the functions of each?

Answer 13

1 Endocrine- insulin and glycerin

2 Exocrine- h2o & enzymes

Question 14

Celiac disease causes inflammation and erosion of villi of the small intestine. Predict the outcome of the patient

Answer 14

The small ones I intestine has a hard time with absorption

Question 15

Propose a cause for lactose intolerance

Answer 15

An allele for the Lactose gene is not functional

Question 16

What critical role does the Liver play in times of food deprivation or starvation

Answer 16

The liver stores glucose as a polymer called glycogen. In times of starvation, the liver will break down the glycogen into glucose so that your cells can use that for energy

Question 17

How does the loss of function mutation in the leptin gene result in an obese mouse

Answer 17

The feed back loop doesn’t release any chemicals to tell the mouse it’s full so it keeps eating

Question 18

Skipping breakfast in the morning will increase to an appetite about 11 am what hormone is responsible?

Answer 18

Ghrelin