Immune System Flashcards
Immune System
Collection of Organs, Cells, and Proteins that defend the body against infection, broken into two categories
Innate Immunity
Nonspecific to Pathogen Type (Will combat any type of infection but cannot remember). Consists of Epithelial Barriers, Phagocytes, Dendritic Cells, Complement, NK Cells
First line of Defense
Physical barriers such as: Skin; Secretions; and Mucous
Second line of Defense
Internal Defenses such as: Non-Specific WBCs; Complement Systems; and Inflammation
Non-Specific WBCs
Responds to many antigens
Antigen
Any molecule that stimulates immune responses (Vaccines, Pathogens)
Complement System
Proteins that assist with innate immunity through: Enhancing
Phagocytosis, recruit WBCs, and bore holes in pathogens
Inflammation
Localized swelling, redness, and pain from WBCs moving through capillaries to infection site
Macrophage + Neutrophil (WBCs)
Engulf foreign particles and pathogens
Natural Killer Cell
Targets infected cells, and releases chemicals that induce Cell death
Adaptive Immunity
Specific to Pathogen (Remembers infection after combat) Takes days or weeks to acquire
Adaptive Response Type I
Consists of B Cell (WBC) which recognizes Antigen and binds to it. And Helper T Cell which activates the B Cell to divide into two parts: Plasma Cell; Memory B Cell
Plasma Cell
Produces antibodies to eliminate other extracellular pathogens
Memory B Cell
Remains on standby if reinfection occurs
Adaptive Response Type II
Consists of Dendritic Cell or Macrophage, which breaks down pathogen and presents antigenic material, as a result, Helper T Cell is activated and sends for help, where Cytotoxic Cell attacks and destroys
