Immune System Flashcards
Why does laughter help w our immune system?
It triggers dopamine production in the brain to decrease stress
large network of organs, WBCs, proteins (antibodies), and chemicals; works together to protect us from foreign invaders
Immune System
Why is virus a non living thing?
It has no cells
- Infectious microbe consisting of a segment of nucleic acid surrounded by a protein coat
- can’t replicate alone as it infects cells
Virus
What are the body’s First Lines of Defense?
Saliva (lysozymes = enzyme which makes it antibacterial)
Tears
Skin - prevents entry
Mucus linings - traps dirt and microbes
Stomach acid - low pH kills harmful microbes
Good gut bacteria
Cuts are sealed by?
Blood clotting
What protein is released by platelets?
Thrombin
This makes up the hard scab in wounds
Fibrin
Why do wounds heal slower in diabetic people?
Glucose attaches to the matrix onstead of fibrin
Dead outer layer of skin
Epidermis
We shed how many skin cells in a day?
40-50k
Gland that produces sebum
Sebaceous gland
Bacteria that can survive HCl
acidophile
- bacteria living in people and animals’ intestines
e coli
Bacteria that move to locations where they are not supposed to be; usually a harmless bacteria
Opportunistic Pathogens
What is the Second Line of Defense?
WBCs
Eat foreign particles by engulfing them
eosinophils
phagocyte breaks foreign particles in organelles called?
Lysosomes
2 types of leukocytes
- Phagocytes = consume foreign cells; trigger immune system
- Lymphocytes = t-cells
What is the Third Line of Defense?
Lymphatic System
network of delicate tubes throughout the body
Lymphatic System
Tissues full of immune cells
Lymph nodes
Where are lymph nodes found?
- Tonsils
- Peyer’s patches (lining of intestine)
- Groin
- Neck
- Abdomen
What is a types of WBC that we can’t live without?
Lymphocytes
These natural killer cells protects us from infection
T cells
Lets B cells know intruders are present; helps them create antibodies (cytokines are released)
Helper T Cells
These cells create antibodies; kill the microbe
Killer T Cells
Create antibodies that attach to antigens
B cells
2 divisions of the Immune System
- Innate
- Adaptive
provides general protection – you’re born with it
Innate Immunity
