Immune Meds

Question 1

Antibiotics

Answer 1

Aminoglycosides:
- Amikacin
- Gentamicin Sulfate
- Streptomycin

Facts:
- high risk for ototoxcity, nephrotoxicity,
- monitor BUN and creatinine
- monitor trough level

Cephalosporines:
- Cephalexin
- Cefaclor
- Cefotaxime

Facts:
- monitor for signs of C. Diff
- do not take with penicillins
- can cause elevated liver functions (bilirubin 0.1-1.2 is normal, aminotransferase 8-48 is normal)
- can cause thrombocytopenia
- keep refrigerated

Fluoroquinolones:
- Ciproloxacin
- Levofloxacin

Facts:
- Ciprofloxacin can cause tendon rupture
- caution with patients who have renal, hepatic, or seizure disorders

Macrolides:
- Azithromycin
- Clarithromycin
- Erythromycin

Facts:
- used for patients with penicillin allergy
- give with meals

Penicillins:
- Amoxicillin
- Ampicillin

Facts:
- can cause hypersensitivity with anaphylaxis
- used for pneumonia, rheumatic fever, upper respiratory infections

Sulfonamides:
- Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole

Facts:
- consume at least 3L of fluids per day (8-10 glasses of water)
- use backup birth control
- avoid sun

Tetracyclines:
- Doxycycline
- Tetracycline

Facts:
- consume at least 3L of fluid per day
- use backuo birth control
- avoid sun

Glycopeptides:
- Vancomycin

Facts:
- client is at risk for bronchospasm (inspiratory stridor = emergency)
- treats MRSA and C.diff
- do not give to patients with corn allergy
- can cause ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity
- administer IV over 1 hour to prevent red man’s syndrome (pruritus, an erythematous rash that involves the face, neck, and upper torso, hypotension and angioedema)

Antiprotozoal:
- Metronidazole

Facts:
- take with food
- do not consume alcohol during therapy or 48 hours after completing round

Question 2

Vaccines

Answer 2

B (Birth):
- Hepatitis B

2 B DR HIP (2 months):
- Hepatitis B
- DTAP
- Rotavirus
- Haemophilus influenzae
- Inactivated polio
-Pneumococcal

4 DR HIP (4 months):
- DTAP
- Rotavirus
- Haemophilus influenzae
- Inactived polio
- Pneumoncoccal

B DR HIP In 6 (6 months):
- Hepatitis B
- DTAP
- Rotavirus
- Haemophilus influenzae
- Inactivated polio
- Pneumococcal
- Influenza

MAD HPV (1-1.5 years):
- MMR
- Hepatitis A
- DTAP
- Haemophilus influenzae
- Peneumococcal
- Varicella

Very DIM from 4-6pm (4-6 years):
- Varicella
- DTAP
- Inactivated polio
- MMR

Tada Human Men (11-12 years):
- TDap
- Human papillomavirus
- Meningitis

Leukemia patients cannot receive live vaccines:
- MMR
- Varicella
- Influenza

During Pregnancy you can give:
- Influenza vaccine
- TDAP vaccine
- Rhogam (mom is negative, baby is positive)

Question 3

Antifungals

Answer 3

• Fluconazole

facts:
- monitor hepatic and renal function
- refrigerate suspension
- increased risk of bleeding for patients taking anticoagulants

Question 4

Antituberculars

Answer 4

• Isonazid (INH)
• Rifampin

Facts:
- Prevent and treat TB
Rifampin body secretions are orange/red color
- latent TB (non-infectious anymore but still causing damage to body) is treated with INH for 6 to 9 months
- Active TB (infectious and symptomatic) is treated with rifampin for up to 24 months

Question 5

Cancer

Answer 5

• Filgrastim

Facts:
- stimulates bone marrow to produce neutrophils

• Tamoxifen

Facts:
- treatment for breast cancer
- side effects include hot flashes, leg tenderness (priority), chest pain, thrombus, N/V, vaginal discharge

Question 6

Antiretrovirals

Answer 6

• Acyclovir
• Valacyclovir
• Zidovudine
• Tenofovir/Emtricitaloine (reduces risk of HIV)

Facts:
- Zidovudine side effects is aplastic anemia
- treat genital herpes, shingles, and HIV
- administer with food, increase fluid intake
- begin therapy with first onset of symptoms