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VETM4425 Small Animal Medicine > Immune Diseases - IMPA > Flashcards

Immune Diseases - IMPA Flashcards

1
Q

The types of IMPA are

A

Idiopathic non erosive IMPA and Erosive IMPA

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2
Q

IMPA age predisposition

A

Young adults 1-3yrs

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3
Q

IMPA sex predisposition

A

Both dogs and cats

Male > Female

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4
Q

IMPA breed dispositions

A

Akita, Weimeraner, Shar-pei

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5
Q

IMPA risk factors

A 
Recent vaccinations
Sulphonamide or other antibiotics
Exposure to ticks
Microbial infection
Trauma to joint
Cats: Calicivirus vaccination
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6
Q

IMPA clinical signs include

A 
Limping, lameness, stiffness
Weakness, inability to rise
Inappetance, lethargy, weight loss
Vomiting, diarrhoea
Acute onset, symmetric joint involvement (carpus & tarsus)
Fever
Lymphadenopathy
Neck pain
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7
Q

Diagnose IMPA by

A 
History and PE
Radiography
Arthrocentesis
Rule out underlying cause
Look out for SLE
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8
Q

Differential diagnosis for other causes of inability to walk other than IMPA include

A 
Neurologic disease
Muscular disease
Orthopaedic disease
Cardiac disease
Metabolic disease
Hematologic disease
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9
Q

Differential diagnosis for other causes of arthritis other than IMPA include

A 
Systemic infections
Bite Wounds
Trauma
Deep pyoderma
Hygroma
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10
Q

Radiograph result for non erosive IMPA

A

Joint effusion, soft tissue swelling

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11
Q

Radiograph result for erosive IMPA

A

Subchondral bone destruction (irregular joint surface), “punched out” erosion of bone at joint space

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12
Q

Radiograph result for advanced erosive IMPA

A

Loss of mineralization of epiphysis, calcification of soft tissues

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13
Q

Arthrocentesis results for IMPA

A

Normal: viscous, scant, clear
IMPA: thin, copious, turbid
Predominant cell: Neutrophil > 3000/uL
Culture: -ve

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14
Q

IMPA other tests

A 
Culture of synovial membrane, blood +/ or urine
Titers for tick borne diseases
Serum ANA
Serum rheumatoid factor
CSF tap
Thoracic radiographs + abdominal u/s
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15
Q

IMPA treatment goals

A

Resolution of clinical signs
Return of synovial cell counts <3000/ ul
Gradual withdrawal of therapy without relapse

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16
Q

Treatment of IMPA includes

A

Prednisone 1.1 mg/Kg PO q 12 h (usually start tappering after 2wks over 3-6mths)
Other immunosuppressive drugs
Broad spectrum antibiotics pending culture
Doxycycline 10 mg/Kg PO q 24 h for 28 days (tick-borne infections, Mycoplasma
Repeat arthrocentesis
Monitor CBC and Biochem
Sometimes lifelong therapy

17
Q

Non erosive IMPA prognosis

A

Good-guarded

18
Q

Calicivirus infected cats IMPA prognosis

A

Excellent, usually resolves in 5 days with supportive care

19
Q

Erosive arthritis in IMPA prognosis

A

Guarded

Arthrodesis may improve quality of life

20
Q

IMPA in Akitas prognosis

A

Hereditary, so very poor

No response to therapy

VETM4425 Small Animal Medicine (4 decks)

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