Immune Flashcards
What drug can you give to treat HDN?
RhoGAM- stops your blood from making antibodies that attack Rh positive blood cells
Given up to 72 hrs post birth in the first pregnancy
Given during gestation in the second pregnancy
How can you diagnose HDN?
Direct Coombs test: diagnoses HDN
- Maternal and foetal blood mixed together
- Test antibodies (anti-Ig) are added
- Anti- Ig antibodies agglutinate any fetal RBCs to which maternal antibodies are already bound. This is called the direct Coombs test because the anti-Ig binds “directly” to the maternal anti-D Ig that coats fetal RBCs in HDN.
Impact of HDN on a newborn?
Jaundice, anaemia, splenomegaly
What is the antigen in: SLE RA Goodpasture's Grave's
SLE- Ds DNA
RA- Fc portion of IgG
Goodpasture’s - glomerular collagen
Grave’s- TSH receptor
Target of infliximab?
Human necrosis factor alpha
What are the autoantibodies in RA?
Anti-Cyclic Citrullinated peptide Rheumatoid Factor (against Fc portion of IgG)
Mechanism behind urticaria? Tx?
Type 1 hypersensitivity reaction caused by release of mediators (incl histamine) from mast cells
If no acute anaphylaxis then just anti-histamine
Mechanism of lung injury seen in TB?
Granuloma formation - Type IV hypersensitivity
Mediated by macrophages (later transformed into epithelioid cells and giant cells) and TH1.
Types of Giant cell?
Foreign body -random nuclei
Langhans - horseshoe nuclei, TB
Touton- circle shaped nuclei, fat necrosis
Cell responsible for initial sensitisation phase of allergen development? Responsible for the effector phase?
APC
Memory B cell
How are mast cells triggered in Type 1 hypersensitivity?
Antigen cross linking IgE receptors on the surface of the mast cell
Which ab is responsible for Food protein induced enterocolitis ? Screening test for this syndrome?
Non IgE
Elimination diet
