Head & Neck Flashcards
Most likely causative organism in otitis externa?
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
What do the vagus nerve NOT do?
Sensory to middle ear and oropharynx (glossopharyngeal)
What DOES the vagus nerve do?
Motor to soft palate, larynx and pharynx
Parasympathetic innervation to muscle of stomach and conduction system of heart
Parasympathetic functions of oculomotor?
Innervation of the ciliary body and sphincter pupillae
Which branches of the facial nerve arise in the petrous part of the temporal bone?
Greater petrosal, chorda tympani and nerve to stapedius
What does the glossopharyngeal nerve NOT do?
Motor to soft palate
Sensory to larynx and laryngopharynx (vagus)
What DOES the glossopharyngeal nerve do? (give one motor, one sensory and one parasympathetic)
Motor to stylopharyngeus
Sensory from carotid body and sinus
Parasympathetic innervation of parotid gland
Patient signs - failure of lacrimation (greater petrosal nerve), hyperacusis due to paralysis of stapedius (nerve to stapedius) , loss of taste sensation (chorda tympani) and paralysis of muscles of facial expression. Where is the lesion?
IAM - facial nerve has not given off its branches at this point
What does somatic sensation from the external ear?
Cervical nerve C2, Vagus, Mandibular division of trigeminal
How do you straighten the EAM for otoscopy?
Pull ear back and up
Contents of carotid sheath?
Internal jugular vein, common carotid artery, vagus nerve
What structures do the pre tracheal and buccopharyngeal fascia not encompass?
SCM and suprahyoids
What branch of the trigeminal carries motor fibres to muscles of mastication?
Mandibular
Give some of the muscles innervated by the facial nerve
Muscles of facial expression eg platysma, orbicularis oris and oculi, occipitofrontalis
What are the deep cervical lymph nodes?
Jugulo-digastric, jugulo-omohyoid, and supraclavicular
How does cerebral venous blood drain to get to the major veins?
Confluence of sinuses - transverse sinus - sigmoid sinus- internal jugular vein
What nerve lesion would cause numbness on the right side of the chin and lower lip?
Inferior alveolar nerve
Next steps if squeezing the nose doesn’t work for epistaxis after 30 mins?
Cautery, then packing if cautery doesnt work
Which lymph node would you examine if suspected SCC of lower lip?
Submental
Direct pupillary light reflex
Light detected by photoreceptors in retina - optic nerve - pre tectal nucleus in midbrain - Edinger westphal nucleus in brainstem - paraympathetic fibres carried on oculomotor nerve - sphincter pupillae muscle
Tests for optic nerve function
pupillary light reflexes and visual field tests
What function does the macula serve?
Provides highest acuity vision
Lung cancers can cause ectopic secretion of what 3 substances?
ACTH- Cushing’s
ADH- SIADH
PTH-rp - hypercalcaemia
Malignancy associated with asbestos?
Malignant mesothelioma
