IMMS Flashcards
What is the anatomical position?
Standing erect with feet flat on the floor under the hip joints.
Straight back with eyes facing forward.
Arms by the side with forearms and palms facing forward.
Eyes focused on the horizon.
What is the coronal plane?
A plane that passes through the body at right angle to the sagittal planes and divides the body into front and back.
What does medial mean?
Closer to the sagittal plane. [closer to the centre of the body]
What are the three tissue types of joints?
Fibrous, Cartilaginous, Synovial.
What does proximal mean?
Closer to the starting point.
What is meant by abduction?
movement away from the midline. e.g. for fingers it is the movement away from the middle finger.
What are the characteristics of a saddle joint?
Articular surfaces that are concave and convex. Two axes of movement. Permits flexion, extension, abduction, adduction and circumduction.
What is meant by the axial plane?
The plane that divides the body into top and bottom components.
What is meant by opposition?
It is a specialist movement of the thumb where the thumb is rotated to allow it to touch the little finger. The thumb opposes the little finger.
What are the characteristics of a condyloid joint?
Similar to saddle with movement in two axis but one is usually restricted.
Permits flexion, extension, abduction, adduction and circumduction.
What is meant by superior?
Above.
What is meant by supine?
This is a variation of the anatomical position where the body is lying flat on the back.
What is meant by protraction?
To move forwards, such as the jaw moving forward at the temporomandibular joints.
What are the characteristics of plane joints?
Articular surfaces are flat. The joint capsules are tight. Sliding movements in planes of articular surface.
what is the sagittal plane?
Vertical planes passing longitudinally through the body dividing it into right and left.
What is meant by Ipsilateral?
The same side of the body. [e.g. right arm and right leg]
What are the characteristics of a ball and socket joint?
Spherical and concave articular surfaces.
Multiple axes of movement.
Permits flexion, extension, abduction, adduction and circumduction and rotation.
What is meant by Flexion?
flexion is a verb meaning to bend. For any joint if it becomes more bent this is also flexion.
What is the first cervical vertebra called?
The Atlas.
What are the characteristics of hinge joints?
they only permit flexion and extension.
If something was described as lateral and inferior what would that mean?
It is further from the sagittal plane and also below.
What is special about the first two cervical vertebra?
The atlas has no vertebral body so it has fused with C2- the axis. The odontoid peg sits behind the anterior arch of the atlas and is held in position with a cruciate ligament. This accounts for the rotation of the neck and head.
What is meant by lateral flexion?
This is when the movement of the trunk takes place at the intervertebral discs. The upper body bends to one side.
How many lumbar vertebra are there?
5
What is inversion?
When the sole of the faces inwards to the other foot.
What are the two components of the sacral curve?
Sacrum and the coccygeal vertebrae
How do the vertebrae articulate between each other? [2 ways]
Through two types of joint. Synovial and cartilaginous.
