Immobility and Rehab Flashcards
What is immobility?
Functional limitation
What are causes of immobility?
Trauma e.g. falls, fractures, brain injury
Illness e.g. cancer, infection, stroke
Long-term conditions e.g. diabetes, Parkinson’s
What are consequences of immobility?
Sarcopenia: age-related loss of skeletal muscle mass
Osteopenia: age-related loss of bone mass
What is Wolff’s Law?
Bone density is directly proportionate to the level of stress put onto it
When does sarcopenia start?
After 30 years
Accelerates after 60 years
What are consequences of sarcopenia?
Increased risk of falls, fractures, CVD, metabolic syndrome
What are consequences of immobility?
MSK: loss of strength in anti-gravity muscles, increased non-contractile tissue resulting in stiffer joints
Cardiopulmonary: decreased blood volume, DVT, postural hypotension
Renal: UTI, renal calculi, loss of urinary urgency
How is immobility treated?
Immobility must be treated with mobility!
2 days of resistance exercise per week
150 minutes of aerobic exercise per week
Pain assessment for those with trauma
How do occupational therapists help with immobility?
Home visits
Kitchen assessment
Self-care assessment
Cognitive rehab
How do physiotherapists help with immobility?
Transfer exercises e.g. stand to sit etc.
Strength, balance and gait exercises
Splinting for limbs
Fatigue assessment
What should all immobility goals be?
SMART
Specific Measurable Achievable Realistic Timely
