Immigration/Urbanization Flashcards
Push Factors
Conditions that drive people from their homes
Pull Factor
Conditions that attract immigrants to a new area
Ellis Island
New York, immigrants were mostly from Europe
Angel Island
San Francisco, California, immigrants were mostly from Asian countries
Nativists
people who wanted to limit immigration
Chinese Exclusion Act
Barred Chinese laborers from entering the country. In addition, no Chinese person who left the U.S. could return.
Urbanization
the movement of a population from farms to cities
Skyscrapers
tall buildings with many floors and lightweight steel frame construction
Suburbs
residential area outside or near the city
Settlement House
community centers that offered services to the poor
Building Codes
set standards for construction and safety
Social Gospel
ministers called on their well-to-do members to do their duty as Christians by helping society’s poor
Salvation Army
spread Christian teachings, offered food and shelter to the poor
Young Men’s Hebrew Association (YMCA)
provided social activities, encouraged good citizenship, and helped Jewish Families preserve their culture
Compulsory Education
Laws that required children to attend school, up to sixth grade
Parochial Schools
Church sponsored schools
Joseph Pulitzer
man who owned the New York world.
To win readers he slashed prices and added comic strips
The New York World
Featured stories about crime and political scandals
William Randolph Hearst
owned the New York Journal
New York Journal
featured stories on crime, gossip, and scandals
Dime Novels
Low priced paperbacks, offered thrilling adventure stories. Many stories were about the wild west
Realists
tried to show the harsh side of life as it was
What are some examples of Push Factors?
scarce land
farm machines were replacing workers
political or religious persecution
political unrest
What are some examples of Pull Factors?
jobs
land
religion
promise of freedom
What were the two receiving stations?
Ellis and Angel Island
How was adapting to American life?
Immigrants often settled in their own neighborhoods
Within those neighborhoods immigrants often spoke their own language, celebrated their special holidays, and prepared their own food.
Religion stood at the center of immigrant family life. House of worship united people
What were some reasons for resentment on immigrants?
took jobs, others feared them because they were different
What is with the Chinese Exclusion Act?
most americans did not understand Chinese customs, some chinese did not try to learn American ways
most Chinese-Americans lived in tight-knit communities called China Towns
Why did Urban Populations boom?
population increased due to influx of immigrants and other people seeking jobs
What newly invented invention helped carry people to upper floors?
elevators
What happened with moving people?
More people were crowded into small spaces, they added to a growing problem of traffic.
First electric streetcar system was developed. Streetcars ran to outlying countryside the suburbs
What was Entertainment in Cities?
Baseball, Football, Basketball, Vaudeville, Shopping
What was the settlement house movement? Who led it?
Jane Addams lead the settlement house movement when she moved into a poor neighborhood in Chicago and helped the poor.
What were some services offered at a settlement house?
Taught classes in American government and English, gave instructions on health care, provided nurseries for children, and provided recreational activities.
Why did Urban Reform?
New buildings were required to have fire escapes and decent plumbing
Workers were hired to collect garbage, factories were kept out of neighborhoods where people lived.
Cities set up fire companies and a police force.
What were the two public schools and what did each do?
Compulsory Education: The curriculum taught english to immigrants and stress the importance of citizenship
Parochial Schools: Their textbook was McGuffey’s Eclectic Reader, which taught Reading, Writing, and Math
Emphasized discipline and obedience
Why did Newspapers boom?
as education spread, people read more
Newspapers reported on major events of the day.
Featured stories about local government, business, fashion, and sports
What were new reading habits?
new printing methods lowered the cost of magazines
Newspapers added special sections to attract women readers, sections on fashion, social events, homemaking and family matters
Who were new American Writers?
Realists
What did new american writers want?
Realist writers had seen poverty and wanted to make people aware of the costs of urbanization and industrial growth
