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HIST281 > Immigration and Identity > Flashcards

Immigration and Identity Flashcards

1
Q

from colony to dominion?

A

1867- Canada
1901- Australia
1907- New Zealand
1910- South Africa
1922- Ireland

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2
Q

Commonwealth?

A

1931

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3
Q

Loss of moral authority?

A

Jallianwala Bagh Massacre 1919 in India

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4
Q

British imperial films?

A

celebration of character, bravery, duty and service

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5
Q

partition of India?

A

1947

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6
Q

Britain still a global power?

A

overseas bases kept after WWII.
1947 conscription extended (900,000 by 1950s).
A-Bomb tested in 1952. H-Bomb tested in 1957.
1948-55 war against communist guerillas in Malaya.
1952-56 war against Mau Mau Uprising in Kenya.
1954-59 war against guerilla fighters in Cyprus

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7
Q

Wind of change speech?

A

Macmillan 1960

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8
Q

decolonisation?

A

1960- Nigeria.
1962- Jamaica, Uganda.
1963- Kenya.
1965- Gambia, Maldives.
1970- Tonga, Fiji

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9
Q

rebranding the empire?

A

empire day (1904-57).
commonwealth day (1958)
commonwealth games (1978-)

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10
Q

Britain’s identity crisis?

A

GB not found a role after loss of empire

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11
Q

anti-immigration campaigner?

A

William Eden Evans-Gordon, army in India.
Conservative MP.
Established British Brothers’ League (BBL).
‘foreign invaders’

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12
Q

immigration and the law?

A

1905 Aliens Act- first peacetime restrictions on immigration, ‘undesirable immigrants’ denied entry.
1914 Aliens Restriction Act- restriction and internment.
1919- Aliens Restriction Act- extends wartime controls into peacetime.

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13
Q

why was there a postwar labour shortage?

A

demobilisation takes time.

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14
Q

why was there a lot of jobs available after the war?

A

industrial expansion creates jobs.
extensive house-building programme.
urban development.
infrastructural projects- especially motorways and airports.

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15
Q

possible sources of immigration?

A

Ireland, north and south.
Europe.
Commonwealth.

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16
Q

How many immigrants in 1950?

A

429,000

17
Q

1948 British Nationality Act?

A

Defined British nationality by creating the status of ‘Citizen of the UK and Colonies’.

18
Q

what was the annual inward flow by 1961?

A

100,000

19
Q

European Volunteer Workers?

A

‘ideal immigrants’
‘first-class people’
‘of great benefit to our stock’

20
Q

reasons for difficult race relations?

A

Lack of effort by govt to encourage good race relations.
pace of immigration- sense of being ‘swamped’.
Competition- jobs, housing, women.
Immigrants easy scapegoats.
Negative stereotypes associated with particular races.
‘Colonisation in reverse’.

21
Q

Britain’s postwar identity crisis?

A

downgrade in world role.
loss of empire.
decline in economic power.
fragmentation of UK.
increased immigration.

22
Q

racial violence?

A

1948- Birmingham, Liverpool
1949- Deptford.
1954- Camden.
1958- Notting Hill.

23
Q

Growth of extreme right?

A

1948- Mosley’s Union Movement.
1957- White Defence League.
1960- Original BNP.
1967- National Front.
1982- BNP.

24
Q

Legislation to curb immigration?

A

1962 Commonwealth Immigrants Act.
1965-68 extended.
1971- Immigration Act.

25
Q

Peter Griffiths, Conservative slogan in Smethwick, 1964?

A

‘if you want a n***** for neighbour, vote Labour.’

26
Q

What was Labour’s dilemma?

A

stance on immigration (widely unpopular)

27
Q

Rivers of Blood Speech?

A

Powell, 1968

28
Q

attacks on ethnic minorities?

A

1975- 2,700.
1981- 7,000.

29
Q

when were the Brixton Riots?

A

1981

30
Q

net immigration figures?

A

1971-80: -347.8%.
1981-90: +74.3%.
1991-2000: +575.1%.

31
Q

is the aim integration or multiculturalism?

A

integration= imposed conformity.
multiculturalism= segregation.

32
Q

Symbols of immigration?

A

Viv Anderson, Paul Ince, Millie Small

HIST281 (5 decks)

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